A load balancing apparatus and method for a wireless communications system, and a base station. The apparatus includes: an interference monitoring part, configured to monitor interference between small cells during load balancing; and a load balancing control part, configured to adjust load balancing according to the interference between the small cells that is monitored by the interference monitoring part.

In order to start transmission of downlink data to an RLC layer with an appropriate data amount from a base station that performs Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing to another base station that performs Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing, a base station 100 (MN) includes: an information obtaining unit configured to obtain information for controlling a downlink data flow in a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer for a terminal apparatus 300; and a communication processing unit 143 configured to transmit, to a base station 200 (SN) performing processing for a PDCP layer for the terminal apparatus 300, the information for controlling the downlink data flow, before the base station 100 (MN) detects a correct random access channel access.

During operation, an access point receives a message a message from a second access point with second information specifying loading of the second access point. Then, the access point receives a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) request from an electronic device with an Internet protocol (IP) address of the access point and a media access control (MAC) address of the electronic device. Next, the access point determines, based at least in part on information specifying loading of the access point, the second information and the MAC address, an assigned IP address of a gateway for the electronic device to access a second network, where the assigned IP address is one of: the IP address of the access point, or a second IP address of the second access point. Moreover, the access point provides a DHCP response to the electronic device with the assigned IP address.

Based on a load prediction analysis performed by a machine learning enabled processor and a load balancer, the load of multiple distributed unit (DU) resources in a baseband unit (BBU) pool hub can be optimized. The BBU pool hub can comprise multiple DU functionality and redundant centralized unit (CU) functionality connected via a high-speed/low latency redundant switch to enable pooling of resources. DU resource pooling can facilitate efficiencies in the network by allocating resources based on active and/or inactive status, load, of radio units RUs as well Radio Bearers activity.

The disclosed technology is directed towards load balancing in an adaptive and automated way for wireless mobility networks to improve the overall harmonic-average UE throughput within each controlled group of cells (e.g., different frequency carriers serving a sector of a base station). A load balancer (e.g., analytics component) obtains various device traffic data including throughput data for cells of a group. Pairs of cells in a group (sharing a site and face) can be selected based on satisfying various criteria, with estimated throughput gain achieved by changing the handoff rates between the cell pairs. The technology iteratively repeats the overall process, driving a system to an optimal equilibrium.

A method of operating a first base station unit to process In-Phase and Quadrature (IQ) data for transmission to a second base station unit, the first and second base station units both being part of a disaggregated base station in a cellular telecommunications network and a method of operating a second base station unit to process a first and second data package processed by a first base station, the method including combining the first and second data packages.

A method by a network node, operating as a target donor CU in an IAB network serving as a candidate donor node for a migrating IAB node and providing connectivity for a UE. A message for IAB handover including contexts of the migrating IAB node and UEs and IAB nodes directly or indirectly served by the migrating IAB node is received. Admission control is performed for the UEs and IAB nodes. A handover command to a mobile termination, MT, of the migrating IAB node, and each UE and MT of the IAB nodes is prepared. A group handover command that recursively contains handover commands of all the UEs and MTs is generated. A handover acknowledge message including a list of admitted and not admitted PDU session resources and containing the group handover command is sent. A RRC Reconfiguration Complete message is received.

A reinforcement learning (RL) process is used to allocate UL/DL resources and is also used to offload traffic from a first access point (e.g., macro access point) to a second access point (e.g., a micro access point) when the load on the first access point is too high. The RL process is able to handle the dynamic nature of UL/ DL imbalances and is therefore able to maximize usage of resources without compromising quality of service.

System and method for establishing a virtual access point (vPA) is described. A wireless network includes a router to provide access to external networks, physical access points (pAPs) to provide radio communications access to a user device, and a controller to form a vPA by layer two link aggregating the pAPs using access point and configuration information and send a virtual service set identifier (vSSID) to the pAPs. The vAP having a layer two data plane and control plane. The vAP provides a wireless coverage area equivalent to the pAPs using the vSSID, enable a user device to connect to the data plane via a data link, connect to the control place via layer two control links, and radio frequency connect to the pAPs. The controller and the pAPs configured to manage user data traffic flow between the router and the user device via the control and the data planes.

A mechanism for controlling configuration of dual connectivity for a UE that has a first connection with a first access node. The first access node could make a determination whether a level of load of a second access node with which the UE is not currently connected is threshold high. And if the determination is that the determined level of load of the second access node is not at least threshold high, then the first access node could proceed with application of a process for adding the second connection, without applying a timer for delaying application of the process. Whereas, if the determination is that the determined level of load of the second access node is at least predefined threshold high, then the first access node could apply the timer for delaying application of the process and, upon expiration of the timer, could proceed with application of the process.