A battery system includes a plurality of battery cells abutting one another to form a battery cell stack. An optical communication link is connected to each of the plurality of battery cells. A battery management system (BMS) connected to the optical communication link configured and adapted to receive information from the optical communication link. A method of controlling heat transfer in a battery system includes monitoring at least one characteristic of at least one battery cell of a plurality of battery cells with at least one sensor, and sending information from the at least one sensor to a battery management system (BMS) with an optical communication link. The optical communication link is connected to each of the plurality of battery cells. The method includes selectively varying a fluid circulation rate in the battery system with the BMS depending on the at least one characteristic.

An electrochemical device that includes an electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell includes a thermal conductive path that thermally couples one or more interior elements of the electrochemical cell to an external part of the electrochemical cell.

A battery module includes a battery stack having a plurality of stacked batteries, a first heat radiator facing first surface of battery stack, a first heat transfer component that is in contact with the first heat radiator and first surface to transfer heat from the battery stack to the first heat radiator, and a second heat radiator facing a second surface of the battery stack. The second surface extends in a direction intersecting with the first surface. The second heat radiator is thermally connected to the second surface directly or through the second heat transfer component. A positional relationship between the first heat transfer component and the battery stack is formed such that the center of the first heat transfer component (84) is more away from the second heat radiator than the center of the battery stack is in a direction along the first surface.

A battery module includes a battery stack having a plurality of stacked batteries, a first heat radiator facing first surface of battery stack, a first heat transfer component that is in contact with the first heat radiator and first surface to transfer heat from the battery stack to the first heat radiator, and a second heat radiator facing a second surface of the battery stack. The second surface extends in a direction intersecting with the first surface. The second heat radiator is thermally connected to the second surface directly or through the second heat transfer component. A positional relationship between the first heat transfer component and the battery stack is formed such that the center of the first heat transfer component (84) is more away from the second heat radiator than the center of the battery stack is in a direction along the first surface.

A heat exchanger and battery unit structure is provided for cooling battery units (or cells) where the thermally conductive nature of the battery forms a cooling path. The heat exchanger is in the form of a cooling element provided with an engaging device formed on or attached to an outer surface of the cooling plate for receiving a battery unit (or cell). The interconnection between the battery unit (or cell) and heat exchanger creates a mechanical interlock between the two components that results in improved heat transfer properties between the two components.

A heat exchanger and battery unit structure is provided for cooling battery units (or cells) where the thermally conductive nature of the battery forms a cooling path. The heat exchanger is in the form of a cooling element provided with an engaging device formed on or attached to an outer surface of the cooling plate for receiving a battery unit (or cell). The interconnection between the battery unit (or cell) and heat exchanger creates a mechanical interlock between the two components that results in improved heat transfer properties between the two components.

Provided is a battery pack, and more particularly, a battery pack capable of preventing degradation of performance at a low temperature by allowing a portion of air exhausted through an exhaust port to be introduced into an inhalation port to optimize a temperature of external air introduced into a cell module.

Provided is a battery pack, and more particularly, a battery pack capable of preventing degradation of performance at a low temperature by allowing a portion of air exhausted through an exhaust port to be introduced into an inhalation port to optimize a temperature of external air introduced into a cell module.

A cooling system of an embodiment includes a container having a first wall and a second wall intersecting the first wall; a housing accommodated in the container and including a plurality of racks juxtaposed to one another in a first direction being away from the first wall; a plurality of modules that generates heat, and is supported by the corresponding racks and placed in a row in a second direction intersecting the first direction and along the second wall; an opening through which air for cooling the modules flows into the container; and an air injection passage and an air discharge passage extending between the housing and the second wall and between the housing and an opposite side. The housing is provided with an intermediate passage extending between the injection passage and the discharge passage. The opening is juxtaposed to the injection passage in the second direction.

A battery pack includes battery cells, a fan unit that blows air for cooling the battery cells, a case housing therein the battery cells and the fan unit, a circulation passage in which the air blown out from the fan unit flows before being sucked into the fan unit and after exchanging heat with the battery cells, a heat exchanging part that is disposed downstream of battery passages through which the air circulating in the circulation passage as an circulating air flows to exchange heat with the battery cells and below bottom ends of the batteries, and a drain passage that leads to outside of the case for drainage, the drain passage including a drain opening formed in the case so as to be located below the heat exchanging part.