A low-density parity check convolution code (LDPC-CC) is made, and a signal sequence is sent after being subjected to an error-correcting encodement using the low-density parity check convolution code. In this case, a low-density parity check code of a time-variant period (3g) is created by linear operations of first to 3g-th (letter g designates a positive integer) parity check polynomials and input data.

A transmission apparatus includes, a receiving circuit that receives a reception signal indicating a coded bit string, a decoding circuit that decodes and corrects the bit string by using a spatially-coupled low density parity check code constituted by arranging element matrixes stepwise in a diagonal direction, a parity check matrix of the spatially-coupled low density parity check code including at least one element matrix having at least one of a number of rows and a number of columns different from a number of rows and a number of columns of other element matrixes when each sparse matrix constituting the parity check matrix is regarded as an element matrix, and outputs the corrected bit string.

Disclosed is an encoding method of a spatially coupled-low density parity Check (SC-LDPC) code of a terminal. The encoding method of the SC-LDPC code of the present disclosure can comprise: a step of generating a plurality of decomposition matrices by decomposing a base matrix of a preset LDPC block code. a step of generating a base matrix of the SC-LDPC code by spatially coupling the plurality of decomposition matrices in accordance with the termination length. a step of generating a circulant shift value matrix from the base matrix of the SC-LDPC code. a step of generating a plurality of lifting values for the base matrix of the SC-LDPC code. and a step for encoding an input signal by using a generator matrix defined by means of the base matrix of the SC-LDPC code, the circulant shift value matrix, and the plurality of lifting values. The UE is capable of communicating with at least one of another UE, a UE related to an autonomous driving vehicle, a base station or a network.

An encoding method generates an encoded sequence by performing encoding of a given coding rate according to a predetermined parity check matrix. The predetermined parity check matrix is a first parity check matrix or a second parity check matrix. The first parity check matrix corresponds to a low-density parity check (LDPC) convolutional code using a plurality of parity check polynomials. The second parity check matrix is generated by performing at least one of row permutation and column permutation with respect to the first parity check matrix. An eth parity check polynomial that satisfies zero, of the LDPC convolutional code, is expressible by using a predetermined mathematical formula.

Embodiments of the present application relate to a method for implementing Turbo equalization compensation. The equalizer divides a first data block into n data segments, where D bits in two adjacent data segments in the n data segments overlap, performs recursive processing on each data segment in the n data segments, before the recursive processing, merges the n data segments to obtain a second data block; and performs iterative decoding on the second data block, to output a third data block, where data lengths of the first data block, the second data block, and the third data block are all 1/T of a code length of a LDPC convolutional code.

Systems and methods for decoding block and concatenated codes are provided. These include advanced iterative decoding techniques based on belief propagation algorithms, with particular advantages when applied to codes having higher density parity check matrices such as iterative soft-input soft-output and list decoding of convolutional codes, Reed-Solomon codes and BCH codes. Improvements are also provided for performing channel state information estimation including the use of optimum filter lengths based on channel selectivity and adaptive decision-directed channel estimation. These improvements enhance the performance of various communication systems and consumer electronics. Particular improvements are also provided for decoding HD radio signals, satellite radio signals, digital audio broadcasting (DAB) signals, digital audio broadcasting plus (DAB+) signals, digital video broadcasting-handheld (DVB-H) signals, digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T) signals, world space system signals, terrestrial-digital multimedia broadcasting (T-DMB) signals, and China mobile multimedia broadcasting (CMMB) signals. These and other improvements enhance the decoding of different digital signals.

In an illustrative example, a method includes sensing at least a portion of a representation of a convolutional low-density parity-check (CLDPC) codeword stored at a memory of a data storage device. The method further includes receiving the portion of the representation of the CLDPC codeword at a controller of the data storage device. The method further includes performing one or more management operations associated with the memory based on an estimated number of errors of the portion of the representation of the CLDPC codeword.

A low-density parity check convolution code (LDPC-CC) is made, and a signal sequence is sent after being subjected to an error-correcting encodement using the low-density parity check convolution code. In this case, a low-density parity check code of a time-variant period (3g) is created by linear operations of first to 3g-th (letter g designates a positive integer) parity check polynomials and input data.

An encoding method generates an encoded sequence by performing encoding of a given coding rate according to a predetermined parity check matrix. The predetermined parity check matrix is a first parity check matrix or a second parity check matrix. The first parity check matrix corresponds to a low-density parity check (LDPC) convolutional code using a plurality of parity check polynomials. The second parity check matrix is generated by performing at least one of row permutation and column permutation with respect to the first parity check matrix. An eth parity check polynomial that satisfies zero, of the LDPC convolutional code, is expressible by using a predetermined mathematical formula.

Provided is an error correction device including an encoding circuit configured to encode a plurality of error correction code sequences, in which the encoding circuit includes a plurality of encoding circuits connected in parallel, and is configured to execute encoding processing for the plurality of error correction code sequences through use of all the plurality of encoding circuits by adjusting an output bus width and a frequency of an operation clock with respect to a difference in transmission rate for any payloads input in one or more systems.