Disclosed are a clock offset determination method and apparatus. The clock offset determination method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: determining, by measuring downlink positioning reference signals (PRS) from a reference base station and a non-reference base station, a first positioning measurement value; determining, on the basis of the first positioning measurement value, a first clock offset between the reference base station and the non-reference base station; and on the basis of the first clock offset, assisting a target terminal to obtain a second clock offset.

Input/output (I/O) operation requests from pageable storage mode guests are interpreted without host intervention. In a pageable mode virtual environment, requests issued by pageable storage mode guests are processed by one or more processors of the environment absent intervention from one or more hosts of the environment. Processing of the requests includes manipulating, by at least one processor on behalf of the guests, buffer state information stored in host storage. The manipulating is performed via instructions initiated by the guests and processed by one or more of the processors.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A base station may communicate with multiple user equipments (UEs) in a wireless system supporting directional transmission in shared spectrum (e.g., in millimeter wave (mmW) spectrum). The base station may contend for the channel (e.g., using a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure) and, upon success, transmit a directional channel reservation (CR) signal to each of the multiple UEs. The CR signal may reserve the channel for a specific time period and indicate a start time, an end time, or both. The UE may respond with another CR transmission. In some examples, the base station may transmit CR signals to each of the UEs in a single burst transmission. In other examples, the base station may transmit CR signals to the UEs sequentially, so that if a UE does not respond, the reserved time may be allotted to another UE.

Input/output (I/O) operation requests from pageable storage mode guests are interpreted without host intervention. In a pageable mode virtual environment, requests issued by pageable storage mode guests are processed by one or more processors of the environment absent intervention from one or more hosts of the environment. Processing of the requests includes manipulating, by at least one processor on behalf of the guests, buffer state information stored in host storage. The manipulating is performed via instructions initiated by the guests and processed by one or more of the processors.

Embodiments include methods, in a base station operating in a wireless communications network, for over-the-air synchronization with a cell served by a further base station. Embodiments include sending, to a core network (CN) node, a first eNB Configuration Transfer message comprising: an identity of a target base station, and a first SON Information Request IE comprising a value indicating a request for time synchronization information. Embodiments include receiving, from the CN node, a first MME Configuration Transfer message comprising a SON Information Reply IE that originated from the target base station and includes a muting availability flag. If the flag indicates that muting can be activated in the target base station, embodiments include sending, to the CN node, a second eNB Configuration Transfer message comprising the identity of the target base station and a second SON Information Request IE comprising a value for activating muting in the target base station.

An inter-base-station synchronization method and a device are provided. The method includes: sending, by a source base station, a request for time synchronization to a target base station, request for time synchronization; receiving, by the source base station, an acknowledgment message from the target base station; sending, by the source base station, a particular sequence to a target user terminal located in a particular area, so that the target user terminal sends the particular sequence; and detecting, by the source base station, the particular sequence, and performing time synchronization between the source base station and the target base station. According to the present disclosure, the user terminal located in the particular area forwards the particular sequence, so that to-be-synchronized base stations detect the particular sequence to implement inter-base-station time synchronization.

Methods for enabling and disabling of muting patterns in Radio Access Network, RAN, nodes allow better detection and use of reference symbols used for synchronization. In some embodiments, coordination of muting patterns amongst different nodes is enabled, so that muting of multiple nodes results in increased protection from interference for the node in need of detecting the synchronization reference symbols. An example method is implemented in a base station operating in a wireless communications network, for facilitating over-the-air synchronization by a neighboring base station. This method includes receiving (1210) a request for activation of a reference signal muting pattern for a cell supported by the base station and activating (1220) the reference signal muting pattern in response to the request. The method further includes sending (1225) a message requesting activation of a reference signal muting pattern for a cell supported by a second base station, in response to the request.

A communication system, a base station, a user equipment (UE), and a timing synchronization method for the base station thereof are provided. The communication system includes a first base station, a second base station and the user equipment. The UE is located within coverage of the first base station and the second base station. The first base station and the second base station respectively measure signal stability of the user equipment so that the second base station selects the user equipment based on the measurements for the stability of the signals. The first base station computes a first timing error for transmitting or receiving message between the first base station and the user equipment then transmits the first timing error to the second base station. The second base station adjusts a timing difference between the first base station and the second base station through the first timing error.

A communication system, a base station, a user equipment (UE), and a timing synchronization method for the base station thereof are provided. The communication system includes a first base station, a second base station and the user equipment. The UE is located within coverage of the first base station and the second base station. The first base station and the second base station respectively measure signal stability of the user equipment so that the second base station selects the user equipment based on the measurements for the stability of the signals. The first base station computes a first timing error for transmitting or receiving message between the first base station and the user equipment then transmits the first timing error to the second base station. The second base station adjusts a timing difference between the first base station and the second base station through the first timing error.

Mitigation of inter-base station resynchronization loss in wireless networks including contention-based shared frequency spectrum is discussed. Aspects of such mitigation provide for base stations entering into an idle mode when a transmission opportunity occurs in a radio frame of the next resynchronization occasion. Additional aspects provide for the base station to signal a flexible listen before talk (LBT) frame length to the user equipment (UE), either with or without explicit signaling of the downlink-uplink division. Further aspects provide for the base station to signal a reset indication to UEs that will prompt the UEs to monitor for downlink channel reserving signals prior to the current LBT frame ending by the resynchronization occasion.