A method includes, receiving multiple signals from multiple respective electrodes arranged along an inner circumference of a blood vessel that has been ablated. Based on the multiple signals, one or more quality measures of the ablated blood vessel are produced. A graphical presentation indicative of the one or more quality measures, is displayed to a user in a two-dimensional (2D) polar coordinate system.

A method includes, inserting into an organ of a patient, a catheter having an expandable distal-end assembly, which is coupled to a shaft and includes multiple splines, at least a given spline among the multiple splines includes an electrode that is being placed in contact with tissue of the organ. At least a size of a section of the electrode in contact with the tissue, is controlled by moving a tube over at least a portion of the expandable distal-end assembly.

A system for hepatic nerve denervation includes a medical device and a generator in communication with the medical device. The medical device includes an elongate body having a proximal portion and a distal portion opposite the proximal portion, and a plurality of treatment electrodes coupled to the distal portion. The distal portion is configured to be in contact with an area of target tissue. The area of target tissue is an area of tissue within the hepatic artery. The generator is configured to generate and deliver at least one pulse train of energy to the plurality of treatment electrodes to ablate the area of target tissue.

A method includes generating an ablation programming language, which defines commands for (i) setting ablation protocol parameters and respective values, (ii) setting a configuration of an ablation system, (iii) applying automatic logic that relates the ablation protocol parameters and the values to the configuration of the ablation system, and (iv) generating one or more graphical user interfaces (GUIs) showing one or more of the parameters of the ablation protocol and the system configuration. The ablation programming language is provided for subsequent use with the ablation system.

Systems and methods for electroporation are provided. An electroporation system includes a catheter including a plurality of electrodes, and a pulse generator coupled to the catheter, the pulse generator configured to generate a waveform to be delivered using at least one of the plurality of electrodes. The waveform includes a first pulse having a first polarity, a first pulse amplitude, and a first pulse width, and a second pulse having a second polarity, a second pulse amplitude, and a second pulse width, wherein the first and second pulses are separated by an interpulse delay, and wherein at least one of i) the first pulse amplitude is different than the second pulse amplitude and ii) the first pulse width is different than the second pulse width.

In one embodiment, an ablation system includes a catheter including at least one electrode, and configured to be inserted into a chamber of a heart of a living subject, an ablation power generator configured to apply an electrical signal to the at least one electrode to ablate tissue of the chamber, at least one body surface patch configured to be applied to a body surface of the living subject, and provide at least one position signal, and a processor configured to compute an index of a measurement of diaphragm movement responsively to the at least one position signal, and perform an action responsively to the computed index.

A catheter, consisting of an insertion probe, having a distal end configured for insertion into a lumen of a human subject. The catheter also has a resilient tube, extending distally from the distal end of the insertion probe and having, when unconstrained, a planar serpentine shape contained within a plane that contains a longitudinal axis of the distal end of the insertion probe. A plurality of electrodes are fixedly attached to the resilient tube and are configured to transfer ablation energy to the human subject. Other shapes for the insertion tube are also provided.

A novel catheter is disclosed comprising an electrode array that is capable of switching between a sensing configuration for sensing electrical signals of biological tissue and an ablation configuration for delivery of ablation energy at a region of interest. Irrigation ports are interlaced within the electrode array to vent irrigant during an ablation procedure to; prevent excessive heating, charring of tissue, coagulation of blood, and allow for efficient delivery of ablation therapy for maximum therapy efficacy. The novel catheter includes a plurality of splines with linear portions wherein the electrodes of the electrode array are disposed. The splines are connected by connectors which include one or more bends capable of storing potential energy when the bends are elastically deformed, enabling collapse and expansion of the catheter in a sheath. Software logic associated with this catheter analyzes sensing signals to diagnose critical regions of the biological rhythm disorder, and enables directional guidance to move the catheter to critical regions for therapy.

A method of ablating tissue includes positioning a treatment device proximate to a target tissue area. The treatment device has an expandable treatment element. The expandable treatment element is inflated with a refrigerant during an inflation phase such that at least a portion of the expandable treatment element is in contact with the target tissue area. A first pressure measurement of the inflated expandable treatment element is recorded and compared to a predetermined pressure threshold. The refrigerant is circulated within the expandable treatment element during an ablation phase to reduce a temperature of the target tissue area to a temperature sufficient to cryoablate the target tissue area. A second pressure measurement of the expandable treatment element is recorded during the ablation phase and compared to the predetermined pressure threshold.

Systems are provided for generating data representing electromagnetic states of a heart for medical, scientific, research, and/or engineering purposes. The systems generate the data based on source configurations such as dimensions of, and scar or fibrosis or pro-arrhythmic substrate location within, a heart and a computational model of the electromagnetic output of the heart. The systems may dynamically generate the source configurations to provide representative source configurations that may be found in a population. For each source configuration of the electromagnetic source, the systems run a simulation of the functioning of the heart to generate modeled electromagnetic output (e.g., an electromagnetic mesh for each simulation step with a voltage at each point of the electromagnetic mesh) for that source configuration. The systems may generate a cardiogram for each source configuration from the modeled electromagnetic output of that source configuration for use in predicting the source location of an arrhythmia.