A method and system for spot size selection wherein an indication of a spot size selection is received and a spot size is generated corresponding to the spot size selection by propagating an optical signal via one of the claddings of a dual-clad optical fiber. The system for spot size selection includes a plurality of lens arrays, at least one galvanometer, and a plurality of dual-clad fibers to propagate an optical signal from one of the plurality of lens arrays.

A computing device includes a thermal map generator (142) that generates a thermal map for image data voxels or pixels representing a volume or region of interest of a subject based on thermometry image data, which includes voxels or pixels indicating a change in a temperature in the volume or region of interest, and a predetermined change in value to temperature lookup table (144) and a display (145) that visually presents the thermal map in connection with image data of the volume of interest. A method includes generating a thermal map for image data voxels or pixels representing a volume or region of interest of a subject based on thermometry image data, which includes voxels or pixels indicating a change in a temperature in the volume or region of interest, and a predetermined change in voxel or pixel value to temperature lookup table.

An apparatus and method for laser-assisted machining (LAM) of non-monolithic composite bone material is described. A high intensity focused laser beam conducts bone material removal in extremely short time duration without causing any thermal (necrosis) and mechanical damage to the material surrounding the bone-laser interaction region. A computer associated with the apparatus for machining bone preferably employs a Multiphysics computational modeling approach which takes into account physical phenomena such as heat transfer, fluid flow, convection mixing, and surface tension when determining bone target volume, calculating material properties of the multicomponent and multicomposition composite bone material, determining parameters for the laser-assisted machining based on the material properties, and performing the laser-assisted cutting/shaping/machining of bone.

In certain embodiments, a system for controlling a position of a focal point of a laser beam comprises a beam expander, a scanner, an objective lens, and a computer. The beam expander controls the focal point of the laser beam and includes a mirror and expander optical devices. The mirror has a surface curvature that can be adjusted to control a z-position of the focal point. The expander optical devices direct the laser beam towards the mirror and receive the laser beam reflected from the mirror. The scanner receives the laser beam from the beam expander and manipulates the laser beam to control an xy-position of the focal point. The objective lens receives the laser beam from the scanner and directs the beam towards the target. The computer receives a depth instruction, and sets actuation parameters to control the surface curvature of the mirror according to the depth instruction.

In one embodiment, a handheld laser treatment apparatus comprises: a handset including a treatment chamber, the treatment chamber having an open treatment aperture; a laser array arranged to project optical energy into the treatment chamber and coupled to a power source; at least one vacuum channel positioned within the treatment chamber and coupled to a vacuum source; a trigger sensor coupled to logic that controls activation of the laser array and the vacuum channel; an attachment sensor arranged to detect which of a plurality of attachments are inserted into the treatment chamber through the treatment aperture. The logic enables activation of the vacuum channel when the attachment sensor detects a first attachment of the plurality of attachments inserted into the treatment aperture. The logic disables activation of the vacuum channel when the attachment sensor detects a second attachment of the plurality of attachments inserted into the treatment aperture.

Methods are disclosed comprising measuring, with a first scanner, a central part of the visual image, measuring, with a second scanner, a peripheral part of the visual image, calculating, by a processor, a pan-retinal measure of image contrast for an extended area of the retina, and optimizing a pan-retinal visual quality. Methods further comprising optimizing a pan-retinal visual quality are also disclosed. Systems are also disclosed comprising either a scanner or a laser, a non-transitory memory having instructions that, in response to an execution by a processor, the processor receives a first measurement of the central part of the visual image, receives a second measurement of the peripheral part of the visual image, and calculates a pan-retinal measure of image contrast for an extended area of the retina. Methods of manufacturing lenses, including contact lenses are disclosed.

A device comprises an energy source capable of generating short bursts of energy at a variable pulse repetition rates. The repetition rates range from a single shot to several hundred Mega-Hertzs so that selective, three dimensional interactions with a volumetric zone of skin or issue can be created substantially without damage or substantial changes to overlying or underlying or surrounding tissue or skin. A method and a device for treating targeted material and targeted tissue are described.

An ophthalmic surgical laser system and method for forming a lenticule in a subject's eye using fast-scan-slow-sweep scanning scheme. A high frequency scanner forms a fast scan line, which is placed by the XY and Z scanners at a location tangential to a parallel of latitude of the surface of the lenticule. The XY and Z scanners then move the scan line in a slow sweep trajectory along a meridian of longitude of the surface of the lenticule in one sweep. Multiple sweeps are performed along different meridians to form the entire lenticule surface, and a prism is used to change the orientation of the scan line of the high frequency scanner between successive sweeps. In each sweep, the sweeping speed along the meridian is variable, being the slowest at the edge of the lenticule and the fastest near the apex.

A method for treating a treatment site (106) within or adjacent to a vessel wall (108A) or a heart valve using a catheter system (100) includes the steps of generating light energy (224A, 224B, 324A, 324B, 424B) using a light source (124); directing the light energy (224A, 224B, 324A, 324B, 424B) toward at least one of a first guide proximal end (122P) of a first light guide (122A) and a second guide proximal end (122P) of a second light guide (122A); determining an alignment of the light energy (224A, 224B, 324A, 324B, 424B) relative to the at least one of the guide proximal ends (122P) of the light guides (122A) with an optical alignment system (257); and adjusting a positioning of the light energy (224A, 224B, 324A, 324B, 424B) relative to the at least one of the guide proximal ends (122P) of the light guides (122A) with the optical alignment system (257) based at least partially on the alignment of the light energy (224A, 224B, 324A, 324B, 424B).

A laser treatment system includes a laser device configured to produce a laser beam at a wavelength in an ultraviolet spectrum to provide for tissue ablation, a lens configured to focus and direct the laser beam to a site to form an opening in a surface of the site, a valve connected to a first channel, and a nozzle that emits the laser beam and controls delivery of at least a first substance and a second substance to the site. A portion of the first channel is disposed within a first sidewall of the nozzle to deliver the first substance, and a second channel unconnected with the valve is disposed within a second sidewall of the nozzle to deliver the second substance.