Method of forming a termination angle in a titanium tungsten layer include providing a titanium tungsten layer and applying a photo resist material to the titanium tungsten layer. The photo resist material is exposed under a defocus condition to generate a resist mask, wherein an edge of the exposed photo resist material corresponds to the sloped termination. The titanium tungsten layer is etched with an etching material, wherein the etching material at least partially etches the photo resist material exposed under the defocused condition, and wherein the etching results in the sloped termination in the titanium tungsten layer.

Methods of producing metal-containing thin films with low impurity contents on a substrate by atomic layer deposition (ALD) are provided. The methods preferably comprise contacting a substrate with alternating and sequential pulses of a metal source chemical, a second source chemical and a deposition enhancing agent. The deposition enhancing agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, hydrogen, hydrogen plasma, hydrogen radicals, silanes, germanium compounds, nitrogen compounds, and boron compounds. In some embodiments, the deposition-enhancing agent reacts with halide contaminants in the growing thin film, improving film properties.

A method for making a transparent conductive layer comprising: providing a carbon nanotube film comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes; providing a conductive substrate and applying an insulating layer on the conductive substrate; laying the carbon nanotube film on a surface of the insulating layer, and placing the carbon nanotube film under a scanning electron microscope; adjusting the scanning electron microscope, and taking photos of the carbon nanotube film with the scanning electron microscope; obtaining a photo of the carbon nanotube film, wherein the photo shows the plurality of carbon nanotubes and a background, a plurality of first carbon nanotubes of the plurality of carbon nanotubes have lighter color than a color of the background, a plurality of second carbon nanotubes of the plurality of carbon nanotubes have deeper color than the color of the background; and removing the plurality of second carbon nanotubes.

A method of manufacturing a heat pipe, including the steps of: forming in a substrate a cylindrical opening provided with a plurality of ring-shaped recessed radially extending around a central axis of the opening; arranging in the recesses separate ring-shaped strips made of a material catalyzing the growth of carbon nanotubes; and growing carbon nanotubes in the opening from said ring-shaped strips.

A method of forming a semiconductor device includes forming a channel layer on a substrate. A gate dielectric is deposited on the channel layer, and a mask is patterned on the gate dielectric. An exposed portion of the gate dielectric is removed to expose a first source/drain region and a second source/drain region of the channel layer. A first source/drain contact is formed on the first source/drain region and a second source/drain contact is formed on the second source/drain region. A cap layer is formed over the first source/drain contact and the second source/drain contact, and the mask is removed. Spacers are formed adjacent to sidewalls of the first source/drain contact and the second source/drain contact. An oxide region is formed in the cap layer and a carbon material is deposited on an exposed portion of the gate dielectric.

A method of manufacturing a heat pipe, including the steps of: forming in a substrate a cylindrical opening provided with a plurality of ring-shaped recessed radially extending around a central axis of the opening; arranging in the recesses separate ring-shaped strips made of a material catalyzing the growth of carbon nanotubes; and growing carbon nanotubes in the opening from said ring-shaped strips.

This filling method includes a step of depressurizing a processing chamber, a step of bringing a filling material into contact with a surface of a wafer, a step of filling by differential pressure fine spaces of the wafer with the filling material by applying a pressure onto an entire surface of the filling material on a side opposite to the wafer, and a step of baking the filling material throughout the wafer.

A manufacturing method of a semiconductor structure having an array area and a periphery area is provided. The manufacturing method includes the following steps. A substrate is provided. A plurality of trenches is formed on the substrate. The plurality of trenches is filled with insulating material to form at least one first insulating layer. A polysilicon layer is deposited on the substrate and the first insulating layer. A photoresist mask is formed on the periphery area. A portion of the polysilicon layer on the array area is etched, such that a top surface of the polysilicon layer on the array area is higher than the first insulating layer and lower than a top surface of the polysilicon layer on the periphery area. The photoresist mask is removed. A planarization process is implemented to remove a portion of the polysilicon layer on the array area and on the periphery area.

A method of forming a semiconductor device includes forming a channel layer on a substrate. A gate dielectric is deposited on the channel layer, and a mask is patterned on the gate dielectric. An exposed portion of the gate dielectric is removed to expose a first source/drain region and a second source/drain region of the channel layer. A first source/drain contact is formed on the first source/drain region and a second source/drain contact is formed on the second source/drain region. A cap layer is formed over the first source/drain contact and the second source/drain contact, and the mask is removed. Spacers are formed adjacent to sidewalls of the first source/drain contact and the second source/drain contact. An oxide region is formed in the cap layer and a carbon material is deposited on an exposed portion of the gate dielectric.

Method of forming a termination angle in a titanium tungsten layer include providing a titanium tungsten layer and applying a photo resist material to the titanium tungsten layer. The photo resist material is exposed under a defocus condition to generate a resist mask, wherein an edge of the exposed photo resist material corresponds to the sloped termination. The titanium tungsten layer is etched with an etching material, wherein the etching material at least partially etches the photo resist material exposed under the defocused condition, and wherein the etching results in the sloped termination in the titanium tungsten layer.