A battery module is configured to discharge to a terminal device, and the battery module includes: a detection and control unit, a buck-boost unit, and a cell pack. The detection and control unit is configured to: receive a terminal-required voltage sent by the terminal device; and control the buck-boost unit to discharge to the terminal device through the cell pack based on the terminal-required voltage.

A battery assembly includes a battery pack configured to supply energy to a load having a required energy, a housing enclosing the battery pack therein, a converter configured to convert an internal energy of the battery pack, and a controller configured to adjust a parameter of the converter based on information received from the load via a communication interface such that the converter converts the internal energy to the energy required by the load, wherein the converted internal energy is supplied to the load as the supplied energy.

Disclosed are a converter control device and a control method including a first switching element connected to each end of at least one first battery, a second switching element connected to the other end of the first battery and connected in series with the first switching element, a third switching element connected to one end of a second battery, a fourth switching element connected to the other end of the second battery and connected in series with the third switching element, an inductor connected to a first node between the first switching element and the second switching element and a second node between the third switching element and the fourth switching element, and a duty controller to receive each first voltage that is a voltage value of each end of the first battery and a second voltage that is a voltage value of one end of the second battery, and to output duty of the respective first switching element based on the first voltage and the second voltage.

A power circuit includes a switch circuit, an auxiliary load circuit coupled to an output terminal, a switching control circuit to operate the switch circuit responsive to an error signal, a regulator circuit having a sense resistor, a comparator to provide the error signal, and a DAC to control a sense current of the sense resistor. A DAC control circuit provides a DAC input signal having a controlled ramp rate responsive to a decreasing setpoint signal, a load control circuit selectively enables the auxiliary load circuit responsive to the decreasing setpoint signal and responsive to the error signal to control the power circuit slew rate.

A buck-boost converter including an inductor, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a voltage detection circuit, and a voltage control circuit is provided. The first transistor is coupled to a first terminal of the inductor and receives a first control signal. The second transistor is coupled to the first terminal of the inductor and receives a second control signal. The third transistor is coupled to a second terminal of the inductor and receives a third control signal. The fourth transistor is coupled to the second terminal of the inductor and receives a fourth control signal voltage. The detection circuit detects the third control signal to selectively provide a voltage drop indication signal. When a voltage conversion mode is a buck mode, the voltage control circuit switches a conduction state of the third control signal in response to the voltage drop indication signal.

A switching power converter circuit comprises a single inductive circuit element; a common control loop circuit coupled to a circuit input and the inductive circuit element and including switching circuit elements to charge the inductive circuit element using energy provided at the circuit input; at least one current sensing circuit configured to sense inductor current of the inductive circuit element; one or more output control loop circuits that each include switching circuit elements activated to generate an output voltage; and one or more pulse width modulation (PWM) circuits configured to generate a PWM control signal to activate the switching circuit elements of the output control loop circuits and to change a peak voltage of the PWM control signal of the one or more PWM circuits according to the inductor current.

Systems and methods of this disclosure use low voltage energy storage devices to supply power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a data center load. The UPS includes a low voltage energy storage device (ultracapacitor/battery), a high frequency (HF) bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a multi-level (ML) inverter. The HF DC-DC converter uses a plurality of HF planar transformers, multiple H-bridge circuits, and gate drivers for driving IGBT devices to generate a medium DC voltage from the ultracapacitor/battery energy storage. The gate drivers are controlled by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) controller, which introduces a phase shift between the voltage on the primary and secondary sides of the transformers. When the primary side leads the secondary side, the ultracapacitor/battery discharges and causes the UPS to supply power to the data center, and when the secondary side leads the primary side, power flows from the grid back to the UPS, thereby recharging the ultracapacitor/battery.

A DC transformer circuit is provided. A first end of an energy storage inductor in the DC transformer circuit is connected with a module output pin in a DC transformer module, and a second end of the energy storage inductor is connected to a grounded terminal. Using the DC transformer circuit can thus generate a negative voltage for a display device. Compared to a DC buck-boost circuit adopted in the existing arts, the DC transformer circuit has an advantage of low cost.

An internal battery heating system includes an electrical conversion device electrically coupled to an electrochemical sub-cell or battery modules to form a heating circuit. The electrical conversion device alternately raises and lowers a voltage of the heating circuit to drive current between the heating circuit and the electrochemical sub-cell or battery modules. A controller commands the electrical conversion device to cyclically charge and discharge the electrochemical sub-cell or battery modules for internally heating the battery modules. Alternatively, a battery module may be electrically coupled to electrochemical sub-cells via pairs of switches to form a heating circuit. The pairs of switches are adapted for switching the heating circuit alternately between a parallel arrangement and a series arrangement to alternate charging and discharging of the battery module which results in internal heating of the battery module.

An apparatus is disclosed for a switch-mode power supply with a network of flying capacitors and switches. In an example aspect, the apparatus includes a switch-mode power supply with an inductor, a switching circuit, and a network of flying capacitors and switches. The switching circuit is coupled to the inductor. The network of flying capacitors and switches is coupled to the switching circuit and includes at least two flying capacitors and multiple switches. The multiple switches are configured to selectively connect the at least two flying capacitors in parallel between a first terminal of the network of flying capacitors and switches and a second terminal of the network of flying capacitors and switches or connect the at least two flying capacitors in series between the first terminal and the second terminal.