An electrical connection structure includes a variable-composition nickel alloy layer with a minor constituent selected from a group consisting of boron, carbon, and tungsten, wherein at least over a portion of a conductive substrate, the concentration of the minor constituent varies throughout the variable-composition nickel alloy layer in a direction from the bottom surface of the variable-composition nickel alloy layer to the top surface of the variable-composition nickel alloy layer.

The invention concerns a method of flip-chip assembly between first (1) and second (2) components each comprising connection pads (11, 21) on one of the faces of same, referred to as assembly faces, which involves transferring the components onto each other via the assembly faces of same in such a way as to create electrical interconnections between the pads of the first and second components. The invention involves transforming the copper oxide into copper by UV annealing, very locally, in the gap between the components, at least around the areas adjacent to the connection pads. The method according to the invention can be used for any component that is transparent to UV rays, including for substrates made from a plastic material such as substrates made from PEN or PET. The invention also concerns the assembly of two components obtained by the method.

A method of making a semiconductor device can include providing a temporary carrier with a semiconductor die mounting site, and forming conductive interconnects over the temporary carrier in a periphery of the semiconductor die mounting site. A semiconductor die can be mounted at the semiconductor die mounting site. The conductive interconnects and semiconductor die can be encapsulated with mold compound. First ends of the conductive interconnects can be exposed. The temporary carrier can be removed to expose second ends of the conductive interconnects opposite the first ends of the conductive interconnects. The conductive interconnects can be etched to recess the second ends of the conductive interconnects with respect to the mold compound. The conductive interconnects can comprise a first portion, a second portion, and an etch stop layer disposed between the first portion and the second portion.

A method of making a semiconductor device can include providing a temporary carrier with a semiconductor die mounting site, and forming conductive interconnects over the temporary carrier in a periphery of the semiconductor die mounting site. A semiconductor die can be mounted at the semiconductor die mounting site. The conductive interconnects and semiconductor die can be encapsulated with mold compound. First ends of the conductive interconnects can be exposed. The temporary carrier can be removed to expose second ends of the conductive interconnects opposite the first ends of the conductive interconnects. The conductive interconnects can be etched to recess the second ends of the conductive interconnects with respect to the mold compound. The conductive interconnects can comprise a first portion, a second portion, and an etch stop layer disposed between the first portion and the second portion.

An LED is provided to include: a first conductive type semiconductor layer; an active layer positioned over the first conductive type semiconductor layer; a second conductive type semiconductor layer positioned over the active layer; and a defect blocking layer comprising a masking region to cover at least a part of the top surface of the second conductive semiconductor masking region to cover at least a part of the top surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer and an opening region to partially expose the top surface of the second conductive type semiconductor layer, wherein the active layer and the second conductive type semiconductor layer are disposed to expose a part of the first conductive type semiconductor layer, and wherein the defect blocking layer comprises a first region and a second region surrounding the first region, and a ratio of the area of the opening region to the area of the masking region in the first region is different from a ratio of the area of the opening region to the area of the masking region in the second region.

An LED is provided to include: a first conductive type semiconductor layer; an active layer positioned over the first conductive type semiconductor layer; a second conductive type semiconductor layer positioned over the active layer; and a defect blocking layer comprising a masking region to cover at least a part of the top surface of the second conductive semiconductor masking region to cover at least a part of the top surface of the second conductive semiconductor layer and an opening region to partially expose the top surface of the second conductive type semiconductor layer, wherein the active layer and the second conductive type semiconductor layer are disposed to expose a part of the first conductive type semiconductor layer, and wherein the defect blocking layer comprises a first region and a second region surrounding the first region, and a ratio of the area of the opening region to the area of the masking region in the first region is different from a ratio of the area of the opening region to the area of the masking region in the second region.

Various semiconductor chip packages with undermounted passive devices and methods of making the same are disclosed. In one aspect, a method of manufacturing is provided that includes coupling a semiconductor chip to a first side of a carrier substrate where the carrier substrate includes a second side opposite the first side. At least one passive device is coupled to the second side of the carrier substrate. The at least one passive device includes at least one first terminal electrically coupled to the semiconductor chip and at least one second terminal adapted to couple to a printed circuit board.

Various semiconductor chip packages with undermounted passive devices and methods of making the same are disclosed. In one aspect, a method of manufacturing is provided that includes coupling a semiconductor chip to a first side of a carrier substrate where the carrier substrate includes a second side opposite the first side. At least one passive device is coupled to the second side of the carrier substrate. The at least one passive device includes at least one first terminal electrically coupled to the semiconductor chip and at least one second terminal adapted to couple to a printed circuit board.

A light-emitting diode is provided to include: a transparent substrate having a first surface, a second surface, and a side surface; a first conductive semiconductor layer positioned on the first surface of the transparent substrate; a second conductive semiconductor layer positioned on the first conductive semiconductor layer; an active layer positioned between the first conductive semiconductor layer and the second conductive semiconductor layer; a first pad electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer; and a second pad electrically connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer, wherein the transparent substrate is configured to discharge light generated by the active layer through the second surface of the transparent substrate, and the light-emitting diode has a beam angle of at least 140 degrees or more. Accordingly, a light-emitting diode suitable for a backlight unit or a surface lighting apparatus can be provided.

A light-emitting diode is provided to include: a transparent substrate having a first surface, a second surface, and a side surface; a first conductive semiconductor layer positioned on the first surface of the transparent substrate; a second conductive semiconductor layer positioned on the first conductive semiconductor layer; an active layer positioned between the first conductive semiconductor layer and the second conductive semiconductor layer; a first pad electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer; and a second pad electrically connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer, wherein the transparent substrate is configured to discharge light generated by the active layer through the second surface of the transparent substrate, and the light-emitting diode has a beam angle of at least 140 degrees or more. Accordingly, a light-emitting diode suitable for a backlight unit or a surface lighting apparatus can be provided.