Methods and systems for removing contaminants, such as water and/or carbon dioxide, from a gas stream, such as a natural gas stream or a flue gas stream. One or more solid-tolerant heat exchangers are employed to chill the gas stream to a temperature at which the contaminants solidify. The solidified contaminants may then be separated and removed from the gas stream. In one or more aspects, the one or more solid-tolerant heat exchangers may include a scraped heat exchanger.

Processes for regenerating sorbents at high temperatures, and associated systems, are generally described.

Scalable greenhouse gas capture systems and methods to allow a user to off-load exhaust captured in an on-board vehicle exhaust capture device and to allow for a delivery vehicle or other transportation mechanism to obtain and transport the exhaust. The systems and methods may involve one or more exhaust pumps, each with an exhaust nozzle corresponding to a vehicle exhaust port. Upon engagement with the vehicle exhaust port, the exhaust nozzle may create an air-tight seal between the exhaust nozzle and the vehicle exhaust port. A first pipe may be configured to transport captured exhaust therethrough from the exhaust nozzle to. The captured exhaust may be at least temporarily stored in an exhaust holding tank connected to and in fluid communication with the first pipe.

Provided herein are methods and systems to form calcium carbonate comprising vaterite, comprising dissolving lime in an aqueous base solution under one or more precipitation conditions to produce a precipitation material comprising calcium carbonate and a supernatant solution, wherein the calcium carbonate comprises vaterite.

A housing of a separation apparatus includes therein a zeolite membrane complex. A sheath includes therein the housing. A fluid supplied to the inside of the housing has a temperature higher than the temperature around the sheath. A second exhaust port is used to exhaust a permeated substance that has permeated through the zeolite membrane complex in the fluid to the outside of the housing. The permeated substance exhausted from the housing can be led into an exterior space between the sheath and the housing through the second exhaust port and can be exhausted through an exterior exhaust port. At least part of the zeolite membrane complex is included in an inter-port space surrounded by the sheath, the second exhaust port, and the exterior exhaust port. This structure reduces energy required for fluid separation performed under high temperatures.

Methods of sequestering CO.sub.2 from a gaseous source of CO.sub.2 are provided. Aspects of the methods include employing an alkali enrichment protocol, such as a membrane mediated alkali enrichment protocol, in a CO.sub.2 sequestration protocol. Also provided are systems for practicing the methods.

The present disclosure relates to a novel improved method for continuous crystallization of highly crystalline clathrate hydrates. The novel improved method utilizes a novel hydrator capable of overcoming heat and mass transfer limitations that usually constrain crystallization rate and thus reduces process productivity. The disclosed method and hydrator are for production of crystalline clathrates in general, CO.sub.2 capture, capture of other clathrate forming compounds, CO.sub.2 storage and transportation, storage and transportation of any clathrate forming compound in a solid lattice, gas separation or water desalination or purification purposes.

A process of sequestering CO.sub.2 is generally described. The process involves the use of geopolymeric precursors to which the CO.sub.2 is added. The process for a solid, cementitious material comprising geopolymer(s) and CO.sub.2.

A quaternary ammonium-functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer for moisture-swing CO2 capture, and a method for producing the same, is disclosed. The copolymer includes a polysulfone copolymer having a copolymerization unit based on diallyl bisphenal A (DABA) and has quaternary ammonium functionalities. The method for preparation of a quaternary ammonium-functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer includes reacting diallyl bisphenol A (DABA) with bisphenol A (BPA) and 4,4'-difluorodiphenyl sulfone (DFDPS) to form an allyl-modified poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES-co-APAES) copolymer, then modifying the PAES-co-APAES copolymer to convert the allyl functionalities to tertiary amines, forming tertiary amine-modified PAES (PAES-co-TAPAES) copolymer. The method also includes converting the tertiary amine of the PAES-co-TAPAES copolymer to quaternary ammonium, forming quaternary ammonium-modified PAES. These quaternary ammonium-modified PAES may be processed into membranes, films, and hollow fibers.

The present invention relates to a drying apparatus capable of regenerating an adsorbent used for drying using microwaves. The drying apparatus of the present invention is formed to include a microwave irradiation means configured to irradiate microwaves to the adsorbent in a plurality of reaction towers in which the adsorbent adsorbing moisture or carbon dioxide is embedded, and when regenerating the adsorbent, directly heats the adsorbent using microwaves, thereby shortening a heating time and securing a sufficient cooling time, resulting in the effect of reducing the amount of dry air consumed for cooling and further increasing the drying efficiency.