The invention relates to an air conditioning apparatus including a first absorptive heat exchanger having sorption channels in at least one flow direction, a method for conditioning fluids, in particular for cooling and/or drying a stream of air, an adsorptive air-air cross-flow heat exchanger, and an outer wall element including an integrated air conditioning apparatus.

This invention relates to using an imidazolium bromide ionic liquid as an additive to lithium bromide in the absorbent for an absorption chiller. The imidazolium bromide ionic liquid is useful to increase the working region and to lower the risk of crystallization in an absorption chiller. The invention provides an absorption chiller comprising a mixture of a refrigerant and an absorbent, and the absorbent comprises lithium bromide and one or more imidazolium bromide ionic liquids.

Disclosed is a refrigeration system, including: a generator having a liquid storage cavity for containing a liquid ammonia and sodium nitrate solution, a heat source being connected to the generator and an exhaust pipe being arranged at the upper end of the generator; a condenser having a condensation cavity, an inlet of the condensation cavity being communicated with the exhaust pipe; an evaporator having an evaporation cavity for containing hydrogen, an inlet of the evaporation cavity being communicated with an outlet of the condensation cavity through a liquid inlet pipe; an absorber located below the evaporation and having an absorption cavity for containing a sodium nitrate solution, an upper part of the absorption cavity being communicated with an outlet of the evaporation cavity through a mixed gas pipe, and the absorber being provided with a reflux pipeline which communicates the absorption cavity and the liquid storage cavity.

A wafer processing method includes a polyolefin sheet providing step of positioning a wafer in an inside opening of a ring frame and providing a polyolefin sheet on a back side or a front side of the wafer and on a back side of the ring frame, a uniting step of heating the polyolefin sheet as applying a pressure to the polyolefin sheet to thereby unite the wafer and the ring frame through the polyolefin sheet by thermocompression bonding, a dividing step of applying a laser beam to the wafer to form shield tunnels in the wafer, thereby dividing the wafer into individual device chips, and a pickup step of heating the polyolefin sheet, pushing up each device chip through the polyolefin sheet, and picking up each device chip from the polyolefin sheet.

An apparatus for the production of hydrogen from a fuel source includes a combustor configured to receive a combustor fuel and convert the combustor fuel into a combustor heat; a reformer disposed annularly about the combustor, a removable structured catalyst support disposed within the gap and coated with a catalyst to induce combustor fuel combustion reactions that convert the combustor fuel to the combustor heat, and a combustor fuel injection aperture configured for mixing combustion fuel into the combustion catalyst. The combustor fuel injection aperture being disposed along a length of the combustion zone. The reformer and the combustor define a gap therebetween and the reformer is configured to receive the combustor heat.

The present invention relates to processes and apparatus useful for (fast) ionic polymerisation of liquid monomer(s) containing reaction mixture for the production of the corresponding polymer(s).

A chemical looping combustion (CLC) based power generation, particularly using liquid fuel, ensures substantially complete fuel combustion and provides electrical efficiency without exposing metal oxide based oxygen carrier to high temperature redox process. An integrated fuel gasification (reforming)-CLC-followed by power generation model is provided involving (i) a gasification island, (ii) CLC island, (iii) heat recovery unit, and (iv) power generation system. To improve electrical efficiency, a fraction of the gasified fuel may be directly fed, or bypass the CLC, to a combustor upstream of one or more gas turbines. This splitting approach ensures higher temperature (efficiency) in the gas turbine inlet. The inert mass ratio, air flow rate to the oxidation reactor, and pressure of the system may be tailored to affect the performance of the integrated CLC system and process.

Systems and methods to provide low carbon intensity (CI) transportation fuels through one or more targeted reductions of carbon emissions based upon an analysis of carbon emissions associated with a combination of various options for feedstock procurement, feedstock refining, processing, or transformation, and fuel product distribution pathways to end users. Such options are selected to maintain the total CI (carbon emissions per unit energy) of the transportation fuel below a pre-selected threshold that defines an upper limit of CI for the transportation fuel.

A method for producing an aggregated boron nitride particle, containing: a nitriding step of nitriding a particle containing boron carbide to obtain a particle containing boron carbonitride; and a decarburizing step of decarburizing the particle containing boron carbonitride to obtain an aggregated boron nitride particle, wherein, in the nitriding step, nitriding is performed so that boron carbide remains inside the particle containing boron carbonitride, and wherein, in the decarburizing step, the boron carbide remaining inside the particle containing boron carbonitride is removed.

Provided is a method for producing acrylic acid, the method including: preparing a reaction product containing acrylic acid by supplying lactic acid to a reactor and performing a dehydration reaction; supplying a reactor discharge stream containing the reaction product to a cooling tower and condensing the result to transfer a lower discharge stream including a condensate to an acrylic acid purification unit and supplying a non-condensate discharged as an upper discharge stream to a distillation tower; and, in the distillation tower, circulating the lower discharge stream containing acrylic acid to the cooling tower, and removing acetaldehyde from the upper discharge stream.