The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a microorganism capable of utilizing an organic feedstock, comprising the steps of: (i) cultivating the microorganism in one or more bioreactors (1); (ii) capturing CO.sub.2 from the one or more bioreactors (1) and reducing the CO.sub.2 to an organic feedstock in a reduction unit (3); and (iii) feeding at least a part of the organic feedstock from the reduction unit (3) into one or more bioreactors (1).

A reactor vessel for high temperature catalytic reactions is provided, in which the inlet portion has a particular design. A plant comprising this reactor vessel is also provided.

A process for synthesizing methanol may involve supplying a CO2 stream consisting predominantly of carbon dioxide and an H stream consisting predominantly of hydrogen to a methanol reactor arrangement for conversion to methanol. A tail gas stream comprising unreacted hydrogen may be obtained from the methanol reactor arrangement. The unreacted hydrogen may be at least partly recycled to the methanol reactor arrangement. The tail gas stream is supplied to a hydrogen recovery arrangement to obtain a return stream comprising the unreacted hydrogen. The molar proportion of hydrogen in the return stream may be higher than in the tail gas stream.

Provided is a synthesis gas production catalyst structure or the like which can maintain stable high catalytic activity for a long period of time without degradation and can allow efficient production of a synthesis gas including carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas production catalyst structure 1 for use in producing a synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the synthesis gas production catalyst structure 1 including: supports 10 each having a porous structure and including a zeolite-type compound; and at least one catalytic material 20 present in the supports 10, in which each of the supports 10 has channels 11 communicating with one another, each of the supports 10 has a ratio (L/d ratio) of long side dimension L to thickness dimension d of 5.0 or more, and the catalytic material 20 is present at least in the channel 11 of each of the supports 10.

A methane production system comprises: a reaction tank that produces methane and water by reacting CO and/or CO.sub.2 supplied to the reaction tank with hydrogen; a cleaning tank that is located at an upstream side of the reaction tank in a supply direction of the CO and/or CO.sub.2, and removes water-soluble impurities from a raw material gas including the CO and/or CO.sub.2 and the water-soluble impurities by bringing the raw material gas into contact with water; and a first supply line that supplies the raw material gas from which the water-soluble impurities are removed from the cleaning tank to the reaction tank; and a second supply line supplies water produced in the reaction tank from the reaction tank to the cleaning tank to bring the produced water into contact with the raw material gas in the cleaning tank.

Methods for autothermal reforming over a modified red mud catalyst composition, one method including providing a methane feed with oxygen and carbon dioxide to react over the modified red mud catalyst composition at increased temperature and increased pressure to produce synthesis gas comprising H.sub.2 and CO, the composition comprising red mud material produced from an alumina extraction process from bauxite ore; nickel oxide, the nickel oxide present at between about 5 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition; and a Periodic Table Group VIB metal oxide, the Group VIB metal oxide present at between about 1 wt. % and about 30 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition.

A system and method with a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC), including feeding carbon dioxide and an olefin to the SOEC and discharging carbon monoxide and an olefin oxide from the SOEC, wherein the olefin oxide corresponds to the olefin.

Described herein is a gaslight multilayered composite tube having a heat transfer coefficient of >500 W/m.sup.2/K which in its construction over the cross section of the wall of the composite tube includes as an inner layer a nonporous monolithic oxide ceramic surrounded by an outer layer of oxidic fiber composite ceramic, where this outer layer has an open porosity of 5%<ε<50%, and which on the inner surface of the composite tube includes a plurality of depressions oriented towards the outer wall of the composite tube. Also described herein is a method of using the multilayered composite tube as a reaction tube for endothermic reactions, jet tubes, flame tubes or rotary tubes.

A gas production system which applies plasma to a catalyst in a reactor and reforms a supplied source gas and a supplied oxidant gas to produce a product gas, includes: gas ratio change means for changing a ratio between the source gas to be supplied to the reactor by source gas supply means and the oxidant gas to be supplied to the reactor by oxidant gas supply means; and plasma generation means for generating the plasma to be applied to the catalyst. Thus, formation of highly reactive chemical species on a catalyst surface is efficiently promoted, whereby the yield of the product gas and energy efficiency are improved.

A method of maintaining a syngas composition ratio during an upset condition, including detecting a reduction in the import carbon dioxide flow rate with a carbon dioxide import stream flow sensor, evaluating the reduction in carbon dioxide flow rate or carbon dioxide pressure in a controller, performing one or more predetermined corrective actions as instructed by the controller. Wherein the predetermined corrective actions are chosen from the following: opening a CO2 import stream flow valve, opening a hydrocarbon and steam stream feed valve, opening a CO2 backup stream control valve, opening a syngas backup letdown valve, and starting a composition adjustment unit.