Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.

A gasification component for use in a gasification environment includes a metal-based substrate and a coating deposited on the metal-based substrate. The coating includes at least about 51% by weight of chromium in the alpha phase at an operating temperature of gasification.

A system for gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock, such as municipal waste, to generate power includes a devolatilization reactor that creates char from the feedstock and a gasifier that creates a product gas from both the char and from volatiles released when devolatilizing the feedstock. The product gas is reacted in a fuel cell to create electrical energy and process heat. The process heat is used to heat the devolatilization reactor and the gasifier. The gasifier comprises a plurality of configurable circuits that can each be tuned to meet the individual needs of the char material being gasified.

The present invention includes a gasifier for gasifying fuels having a container with a top, sidewalls and a bottom for facilitating the gasifying process. One or more open vertical shafts extend downward inside the container for allowing a downdraft or updraft of air and fuel for the gasifying process. A rotating bed is preferably included inside the container and below the one or more shafts for receiving the fuel. The bed rotates essentially perpendicular to the shaft to facilitate even heating and gasifying of the fuel. The bed is further movable relative to the vertical shaft in order to increase or decrease the volume of fuel flow to the fuel.

A char removal pipe including a removal pipe (22), a perforated plate (26) that partitions the interior of the removal pipe (22) into a powder channel (29) and a gas chamber (30), and an assist gas supplying device (28) that supplies an assist gas to the gas chamber (30). The perforated plate (26) is formed so that the pressure loss when the assist gas flows from the gas chamber (30) to the powder channel (29) through the perforated plate (26) is greater than the pressure loss when the assist gas flows through accumulated powder formed by the accumulation, on the perforated plate (26), of powder flowing in the powder channel (29).

The present invention is an improvement in a number of ways of two issued patents identified in the preamble of the Specification which follows. Such improvement will yield a more reliable process that uses coal and other hydrocarbons but avoids the discharge of hazardous pollutants into the atmosphere and lowers investment costs. This invention offers a unique and comprehensive solution that makes possible the prevention of the ill-effects to health and environment while at the same time would also prevent the closure of badly needed power generation facilities that still provide some 40% of the electricity generated in this country. The herein comprehensive solution converts six pollutants into valuable co-products while low-cost, efficient, electric power is generated to result in attracting industries that will help keep badly needed jobs. This invention is also applicable to other disciplines.

A pressure filtration system for cleaning residual quenching water of a gasifying device that gasifies carbon-containing fuels under elevated pressure is provided. The soot water from the quencher is passed to a filter system, which has pressure filter chambers operating alternately in filtering mode under gasifying pressure or in cleaning mode. The filtrate from these chambers is passed to a quenching water reservoir, from which the quencher is fed with quenching water. Only small temperature and pressure losses with respect to the residual quenching water leaving, and only a small additional amount of energy has to be expended to overcome the remaining pressure difference to bring the filtrate that is to be returned back to the gasifying pressure. The residual quenching water is cleaned substantially under gasifying pressure in a pressure filter, avoids flash evaporation of the residual quenching water into the vacuum area, with vapour cooling and a subsequent increase in pressure and reheating.

According to various embodiments, a system includes a gasification fuel injector. The gasification fuel injector includes a tip portion, an annular coolant chamber disposed in the tip portion, a recessed surface for cooling control and a first structural support extending through the annular coolant chamber. The first structural support divides the annular coolant chamber into a first passage and a second passage.

A method and system for cost-effectively converting a feedstock using thermal plasma, or other styles of gassifiers, into an energy transfer system using a blended syngas. The feedstock is any organic material or fossil fuel to generate a syngas. The syngas is blended with any fuel of a higher thermal content (BTU) level, such as natural gas. The blended syngas high thermal content fuel can be used in any energy transfer device such as a boiler for simple cycle Rankine systems, an internal combustion engine generator, or a combined cycle turbine generator system. The quality of the high thermal content fuel is monitored using a thermal content monitoring feedback system and a quenching arrangement.

A system and method for converting waste and secondary materials into synthesis gas (syngas) through the use of a molten metal bath gasifier for the initial breakdown of waste feeds and an A/C plasma reactor for complete dissociation of waste feeds into syngas, and an anaerobic digester. The system includes a heat recovery and steam power generation process for the production of electricity. The system produces a net output of electricity above plant load sufficient for the co-production of renewable Hydrogen and Oxygen. The process does not require the use of fossil fuels or fossil feedstocks during normal operations, and it eliminates combustion produced stack emissions or landfill residuals.