A gasification component for use in a gasification environment includes a metal-based substrate and a coating deposited on the metal-based substrate. The coating includes at least about 51% by weight of chromium in the alpha phase at an operating temperature of gasification.

A direct carbonaceous material to power generation system integrates one or more solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) into a fluidized bed gasifier. The fuel cell anode is in direct contact with bed material so that the H.sub.2 and CO generated in the bed are oxidized to H.sub.2O and CO.sub.2 to create a push-pull or source-sink reaction environment. The SOFC is exothermic and supplies heat within a reaction chamber of the gasifier where the fluidized bed conducts an endothermic reaction. The products from the anode are the reactants for the reformer and vice versa. A lower bed in the reaction chamber may comprise engineered multi-function material which may incorporate one or more catalysts and reactant adsorbent sites to facilitate excellent heat and mass transfer and fluidization dynamics in fluidized beds. The catalyst is capable of cracking tars and reforming hydrocarbons.

A system for gasifying biomass is disclosed. The system comprises a water storage tank, a water pump, a heat exchanger, a plasma torch heater, a gasifier, an ash cooler, a spray tower, a dust collector, a deacidification tower, and a desiccator. The water storage tank is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger; the vapor outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the vapor inlet of the plasma torch heater; the vapor outlet of the plasma torch heater is connected to the vapor nozzle of the gasifier; the ash outlet of the gasifier is connected to the ash inlet of the ash cooler; the gas outlet of the gasifier is connected to the gas inlet of the spray tower; and the gas outlet of the spray tower is connected to the gas inlet of the heat exchanger.

The present invention relates to an operation control method for a gasification power generation system for gasifying carbon-based fuel such as coal in a gasifier using oxygen or oxygen-enriched air as an oxidizing agent, burning the obtained syngas as fuel in a gas turbine, driving the gas turbine by the syngas, driving a steam turbine by steam generated using exhaust heat of the gas turbine, thus executing combined power generation.

Sweep-based gas separation processes for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from gas-fired power plants. The invention involves at least two compression steps, a combustion step, a carbon dioxide capture step, a power generate step, and a sweep-based membrane separation step. One of the compression steps is used to produce a low-pressure, low-temperature compressed stream that is sent for treatment in the carbon dioxide capture step, thereby avoiding the need to expend large amounts of energy to cool an otherwise hot compressed stream from a typical compressor that produces a high-pressure stream, usually at 20-30 bar or more.

A method of generating syngas as a primary product from renewable feedstock, fossil fuels, or hazardous waste with the use of a cupola. The cupola operates on inductive heat alone, chemically assisted heat, or plasma assisted heat. Cupola operation is augmented by employing carbon or graphite rods to carry electrical current into the metal bath that is influenced by the inductive element. The method includes the steps of providing a cupola for containing a metal bath; and operating an inductive element to react with the metal bath. A combination of fossil fuel, a hazardous waste, and a hazardous material is supplied to the cupola. A plasma torch operates on the metal bath directly, indirectly, or in a downdraft arrangement. Steam, air, oxygen enriched air, or oxygen are supplied to the metal bath. A pregassifier increases efficiency and a duct fired burner is added to a simple cycle turbine with fossil fuel augmentation.

The present disclosure relates to a method of generating energy. The teachings thereof may be embodied in a method comprising: atomizing an electropositive metal; combusting the metal with a reaction gas; mixing the resulting combustion products with water, or an aqueous solution, or a suspension of a salt of the metal; separating a resulting mixture into (a) solid and liquid constituents and (b) gaseous constituents; at least partly converting energy from the separated constituents. Mixing the combustion products may include: atomizing liquid or gaseous water; or atomizing or nebulizing an aqueous solution or a suspension of a salt of the electropositive metal, into the reacted mixture.

In a gas turbine combustor 3 of the present invention, an air hole plate 20 includes a center air hole group 51 configured from a plurality of air holes 51A and 51B and a plurality of outer circumferential air hole groups 52 configured from a plurality of air holes 52A, 52B, and 52C and formed to surround the center air hole group 51. The gas turbine combustor 3 includes a hole part 601 and a temperature sensor 401 provided on the air hole plate 20 to be located in a region surrounded by two outer circumferential air hole groups 52 adjacent to each other and the center air hole group 51, a supply source 220 of coolant, a cooling pipeline 205 that connects the hole part 601 and the supply source 220, valves 67 and 68 provided in the cooling pipeline 205, and a control system 500 that drives the valves 67 and 68 on the basis of a measured value of the temperature sensor 401.

A process and apparatus are provided for gasification of a carbonaceous material. The process produces a raw syngas that can be further processed in a tar destruction zone to provide a hot syngas. The process includes contacting said carbonaceous material with molecular oxygen-containing gas in a gasification zone to gasify a portion of said carbonaceous material and to produce a first gaseous product. A remaining portion of the carbonaceous material is contacted with molecular oxygen-containing gas in a burn-up zone to gasify additional portion of the carbonaceous material and to produce a second gaseous product and a solid ash. The first gaseous product and said second gaseous product are combined to produce a raw syngas that includes carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and tar. The raw syngas is contacted with molecular oxygen containing gas in a tar destruction zone to produce said hot syngas.

Method for operating a solar installation. The solar installation includes a solar field with direct evaporation accompanied by the generation of superheated live steam, a turbine for expanding the live steam, and a generator driven by the turbine for generating electrical energy. At least one valve is associated with the turbine by which the amount of live steam fed to the turbine is adjusted. The valve, or each valve, through which the amount of live steam fed to the turbine is adjusted such that an actual value of a live steam pressure occurring upstream of the turbine follows a reference value determined depending on a live steam temperature of the live steam upstream of the turbine.