A system for gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock, such as municipal waste, to generate power includes a devolatilization reactor that creates char from the feedstock and a gasifier that creates a product gas from both the char and from volatiles released when devolatilizing the feedstock. The product gas is reacted in a fuel cell to create electrical energy and process heat. The process heat is used to heat the devolatilization reactor and the gasifier. The gasifier comprises a plurality of configurable circuits that can each be tuned to meet the individual needs of the char material being gasified.

Method of concentrating aqueous alkali and apparatus suitable for this purpose. A very energy-saving method of concentrating aqueous alkali originating, for example, from a chloralkali electrolysis plant and an apparatus suitable for this purpose are described. The method/the apparatus utilizes heat of reaction from the formation of 1,2-dichloroethane and includes multistage concentration of the aqueous alkali, where at least part of the heat required for concentrating the aqueous alkali originates from the plant for preparing 1,2-dichloroethane and at least a further part of the heat required for concentrating the aqueous alkali originates from at least one of the higher stages of the plant for concentrating the aqueous alkali and is used for partial heating of the first stage. The apparatus can be used for retrofitting existing integrated plants made up of a DCE plant and chloralkali electrolysis or in the erection of new plants.

The present invention is concerned with a method of production of acetylene or ethylene. The method has the steps of providing supplies of hydrogen, water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane, respectively, providing a catalyst system having firstly a catalyst selected from group VIII transition metal oxides, and secondly a catalyst support, treating the methane supply with the catalyst system for producing a first reactant, providing a second reactant, and reacting the first reactant with the second reactant for producing an intermediate, wherein the intermediate is calcium carbide (CaC.sub.2).

Solid waste that includes a mixture of wet organic material and dry organic material can be are separated using mechanical separation to produce a wet organic stream enriched in wet organics and a dry organic stream enriched in dry organics. The separated wet organic stream and dry organic stream are separately converted to renewable or recyclable products using different conversion techniques particularly suited for the separated wet and dry organic streams.

A module for an HTE reactor or an SOFC fuel cell, the module including a circuit for the circulation of a gas, in addition to the reactive gases required for the electrolysis reaction or the reverse reaction in an SOFC cell, the circuit enabling, during the operation under pressure, the additional gas to equalise, on one side of the glass- and/or vitroceramic-based seals, the pressure of the reactive gases generated on the other side.

A process of making an electrochromic or an electrolytic film by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP) deposition on a substrate comprising: mixing a surfactant to an aqueous precursor solution comprising an electrochromic component or an electrolytic component to provide a spray solution; introducing the spray solution into an ultrasonic spray deposition nozzle at a constant flow rate between 0.1 mL/min and 2 mL/min and applying an ultrasonic frequency between 80 and 120 kHz to generate atomized droplets of the precursor solution; entraining the atomized droplets with a controlled jet of air as gas carrier at a pressure between 0.50 to 2.0 psi, onto a pre-heated substrate at a temperature of 200 to 450° C.; thermally converting the atomized droplets when depositing onto the pre-heated substrate to generate an electrochromic or an electrolytic film.

Techniques for providing carbon dioxide include generating thermal energy, an exhaust fluid, and electrical power from a power plant; providing the exhaust fluid and the generated electrical power to an exhaust fluid scrubbing system to separate components of the exhaust fluid; capturing heat from a source of heat of an industrial process in a heating fluid; transferring the heat of the industrial process captured in the heating fluid to a carbon dioxide source material of a direct air capture (DAC) system; providing the generated electrical power from the power plant to the DAC system; providing the thermal energy from the power plant to the DAC system; and separating, with the transferred portion of the heat of the industrial process and the provided thermal energy, carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide source material of the DAC system.

An electrochemical compressor utilizes a working fluid having a proton associable component, such as ammonia. Water may be reacted on a anode to form protons that are transported through an ion conducting membrane to the cathode side of the electrochemical compressor. The proton associable component of the working fluid will be pulled through the ion conducting membrane along with the proton. The ion conducting membrane may include perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer, polystyrene sufonic acid ionomer and/or carboxymethyl cellulose.

A thermochemical energy storage system and method of storing thermal energy are disclosed. The energy storing system described herein comprises a reactor comprising a CO.sub.2 sorbent comprising i) CaO and mayenite or ii) Li.sub.4SiO.sub.4, or a combination thereof, and b) a CO.sub.2 source, wherein the CO.sub.2 source is in fluid communication with the reactor to allow flow of CO.sub.2 between the CO.sub.2 source and the reactor. Further, methods are disclosed for storing thermal energy through a wide temperature range.

A method for producing an olefin and a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon of the present invention includes a dicyclopentadiene removal treatment step of removing dicyclopentadienes having a dicyclopentadiene skeleton from a feedstock oil which is a thermally-cracked heavy oil obtained from an apparatus for producing ethylene and which has a 90 volume % distillate temperature, as a distillation characteristic, of 390° C. or lower; and a cracking and reforming reaction step of obtaining a product containing an olefin and a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon by bringing the feedstock oil having a content of dicyclopentadienes adjusted to 10% by weight or less by treating a part or all of the feedstock oil through the dicyclopentadiene removal step into contact with a catalyst and reacting the feedstock oil.