A building manager includes a communications interface configured to receive information from a smart energy grid. The building manager further includes an integrated control layer configured to receive inputs from and to provide outputs to a plurality of building subsystems. The integrated control layer includes a plurality of control algorithm modules configured to process the inputs and to determine the outputs. The building manager further includes a fault detection and diagnostics layer configured to use statistical analysis on the inputs received from the integrated control layer to detect and diagnose faults. The building manager yet further includes a demand response layer configured to process the information received from the smart energy grid to determine adjustments to the plurality of control algorithms of the integrated control layer.

Behavior data associated with a user is obtained. The behavior data is generated when the user uses an Internet service and includes a user identification and identification information indicating the Internet service. At least one predefined carbon-saving quantity quantization algorithm is determined based on the identification information related to the Internet service. A carbon-saving quantity associated with the user is calculated based on the obtained behavior data and the determined at least one predefined carbon-saving quantity quantization algorithm. Based on the calculated carbon-saving quantity associated with the user and the user identification, user data is processed. The user data is related to the carbon-saving quantity associated with the user.

Systems and methods dynamically assess energy efficiency by obtaining a minimum energy consumption of a system, receiving in a substantially continuous way a measurement of actual energy consumption of the system, and comparing the minimum energy consumption to the measurement of actual energy consumption to calculate a substantially continuous energy performance assessment. The system further provides at least one of a theoretical minimum energy consumption based at least in part on theoretical performance limits of system components, an achievable minimum energy consumption based at least in part on specifications for high energy efficient equivalents of the system components, and the designed minimum energy consumption based at least in part on specifications for the system components.

A system and method for tiered pricing for any scarce commodity, such as petroleum products or food stuffs, may be used to ration the scarce commodity. The system and method may use a dual currency transaction system to manage the rationing. In the use case for gas or oil as the scarce commodity, the dual currency system and method and the tiered pricing may also reduce carbon emissions into the atmosphere by charging both a monetary price and a carbon price for a product or service wherein the carbon price for each purchasable item (good or service) may correspond to a number of Kg of Co2 emitted by the manufacture/sale/use of the purchasable item.

A process for calculating a carbon emission reduction comprises calculating a carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) output associated with using a measured quantity of wellhead gas in generators to produce electricity, determining a carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emission associated with flaring the measured quantity of wellhead gas, and calculating a carbon emission reduction as the difference between the determined CO2e emission and the calculated CO2e output.

In an aspect, an apparatus for greenhouse gas tracking is presented. An apparatus includes at least a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least a processor. At least a processor is configured to receive a first set of greenhouse gas data from a first greenhouse gas source of a user of a plurality of users. At least a processor is configured to receive a second set of greenhouse gas data form a second greenhouse gas source of a user of a plurality of users. At least a processor is configured to determine a first greenhouse gas metric associated with a first greenhouse gas source. At least a processor is configured to determine a second greenhouse gas metric associated with a second greenhouse gas source. At least a processor is configured to calculate a greenhouse gas ratio.

A carbon credit generation methodology that uses a base map and other spatially explicit data to develop a baseline scenario for a forested property. One or more alternate scenarios are compared against the baseline scenario. The alternate scenario may for example include harvest deferral, alternate forest management, and.or reforestation. The effect of implementing the alternate scenario for a future activity period is modeled to determine potential carbon credit production prior to committing the property to the alternate scenario. The state of the property is confirmed at the end of the activity period before verified carbon credits are issued.

A platform for updating one or more properties of one or more digital twins including receiving a request for one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request from a digital twin datastore; retrieving one or more dynamic models corresponding to one or more properties that are depicted in the one or more digital twins indicated by the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; obtaining data from selected data sources; determining one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating the one or more properties of the one or more digital twins based on the one or more outputs of the one or more dynamic models.

A system and method are provided for determining operational parameters for improving energy efficiency of a process. The method includes obtaining energy usage data and production and operating data generated by utilizing at least one utility in the process and using the energy data and production and operating data to generate a first principles model. The method also includes obtaining sensor data from at least one sensor coupled to equipment used during operation of the process; generating an efficiency model using at least one data driven model, the sensor data, and the first principles model; and using the efficiency model to generate an energy optimization to achieve a greenhouse gas reduction in operation of the process. The method also includes generating an output comprising at least one operation parameter value to enable adjustment of the equipment to adjust operation of the process towards the greenhouse gas reduction; and providing the output to an operational controller.

The present disclosure relates to a blockchain based platform and a method for consumers to invest in climate related financial products at an amount voluntarily chosen based on a calculation of carbon emission amount from the transactions data crawled from the servers of financial institutions that operates credit and cash cards and to return the principal investment and dividends accrued from the climate related investments options to the consumers who paid the voluntarily chosen amount of carbon emission charges of their consumption of goods and services.

The platform embodied in the present disclosure provides an incentive for consumers to voluntarily pay their carbon emission charges by financially intermediating voluntary carbon emission payment into climate related investment options and a blockchain based security of transactions for the return of the principal investments and dividends accrued from the climate related financial products to those consumers who voluntarily paid carbon emission charges.