Disclosed herein are nanoemulsions, the nanoemulsions comprising biologically active ingredients. Further disclosed are processes for preparing the nanoemulsions and methods of their use.

The present invention relates to compositions, in particular dietary compositions, that comprise a combination of choline cation and succinate anion (2−) and nicotinamide, and use of these compositions for maintaining and enhancing the brain energy metabolism in a human, and for preventing and treating symptoms and physiological conditions associated with an imbalanced, damaged or slowed brain energy metabolism in a human subject.

The present invention relates to compositions, in particular dietary compositions, that comprise a combination of choline cation and succinate anion (2−) and nicotinamide, and use of these compositions for maintaining and enhancing the brain energy metabolism in a human, and for preventing and treating symptoms and physiological conditions associated with an imbalanced, damaged or slowed brain energy metabolism in a human subject.

The disclosure provides a composition configured for oral use. The composition includes a gum base, one or more bulking agents; an active ingredient having a basic amine functionality; and an organic acid, an alkali metal salt of an organic acid, or a combination thereof, wherein at least a portion the active ingredient having the basic amine functionality is associated with at least a portion of the organic acid or the alkali metal salt thereof, the association in the form of a basic amine-organic acid salt, an ion pair between the basic amine and a conjugate base of the organic acid, or both.

The disclosure provides a composition configured for oral use. The composition includes a gum base, one or more bulking agents; an active ingredient having a basic amine functionality; and an organic acid, an alkali metal salt of an organic acid, or a combination thereof, wherein at least a portion the active ingredient having the basic amine functionality is associated with at least a portion of the organic acid or the alkali metal salt thereof, the association in the form of a basic amine-organic acid salt, an ion pair between the basic amine and a conjugate base of the organic acid, or both.

There is provided an aerosolizable gel comprising (a) an active agent; (b) one or more gel forming materials, wherein the one or more gel forming material is at least one phyllosilicate; (c) an aerosol forming material selected from glycerol, propylene glycol and mixtures thereof; and (d) water.

Methods and compositions for reducing symptoms of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction. In various examples, the methods include selecting a subject experiencing a symptom of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction and providing for consumption by the subject, a nicotinamide composition formulated to reduce a frequency and/or severity of the symptom. The nicotinamide composition includes a first component and a second component. In some examples, the first component includes nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinamide riboside, or nicotinamide mononucleotide and the second component includes one or more salts that provide a choline cation and a succinate anion (2−). In certain examples, the molar ratio of the choline cation:succinate anion (2−):first component is between 2:1:0.01 and 2:1:1.

Methods and compositions for reducing symptoms of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction. In various examples, the methods include selecting a subject experiencing a symptom of mental concentration dysfunction, mood dysfunction, and/or stress-related dysfunction and providing for consumption by the subject, a nicotinamide composition formulated to reduce a frequency and/or severity of the symptom. The nicotinamide composition includes a first component and a second component. In some examples, the first component includes nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinamide riboside, or nicotinamide mononucleotide and the second component includes one or more salts that provide a choline cation and a succinate anion (2−). In certain examples, the molar ratio of the choline cation:succinate anion (2−):first component is between 2:1:0.01 and 2:1:1.

The present specification disclose a combined therapy comprising one or more activators of an alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activity having 5-HT.sub.3 receptor inhibitory activity and one or more activators of 5-HT.sub.3 receptor activity for use in treating a schizophrenic disorder as well as methods of treating a schizophrenic disorder by administering a combined therapy comprising one or more activators of an alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activity having 5-HT.sub.3 receptor inhibitory activity and one or more activators of 5-HT.sub.3 receptor activity.

The present specification disclose a combined therapy comprising one or more activators of an alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activity having 5-HT.sub.3 receptor inhibitory activity and one or more activators of 5-HT.sub.3 receptor activity for use in treating a schizophrenic disorder as well as methods of treating a schizophrenic disorder by administering a combined therapy comprising one or more activators of an alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activity having 5-HT.sub.3 receptor inhibitory activity and one or more activators of 5-HT.sub.3 receptor activity.