A secondary battery includes: a cathode including an active material; an anode; and an electrolytic solution, and the active material includes a plurality of active material particles as primary particles and a carbon material. The active material particles contain a polyanion-based compound. The carbon material contains a first carbon material present on surfaces of the active material particles, and a second carbon material present between the active material particles provided with the first carbon material. A ratio B/A between a total carbon amount A and a surface carbon amount B of the active material satisfies 7<B/A<11.5. A ratio D/C between a specific surface area C of the active material, and an oil feed amount D of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone satisfies 1.5<D/C≦2.

A hybrid-electric propulsion system includes a gas turbine engine, an electric machine coupled to and rotatably driven by the gas turbine engine to produce AC electric power, an energy storage system, and a propulsion unit. The gas turbine engine includes a combustor and a recuperator that places an exhaust air flow that is downstream from the combustor in a heat exchange relationship with a compressed air flow that is upstream from the combustor to transfer thermal energy from the exhaust flow to the compressed flow. The propulsion unit includes a fan and an electric motor rotably coupled to the fan, the electric motor being driven by electric power from one of the electric machine or the energy storage system.

A driving support apparatus for a hybrid vehicle including an engine and a motor, in which the engine starts running when any one of parameters indicating a state of the hybrid vehicle reaches an engine start threshold set for the parameters, the driving support apparatus includes a current value acquiring section that acquires current values of the parameters, a margin calculation section that calculates margin levels for the current values of the parameters for keeping the engine stopping using the current values of the parameters and the engine start thresholds, and an output section that outputs the smallest margin level of the calculated margin levels.

A vessel power supply system for a vessel including a propulsion device that includes an engine and a generator driven by the engine to generate electricity, includes a first battery that supplies power to the propulsion device, a second battery that supplies power to accessories of the vessel, a first open circuit voltage sensor that detects an open circuit voltage of the first battery, a second open circuit voltage sensor that detects an open circuit voltage of the second battery, and a switch that is turned on/off to open and close a current path between the first battery and the second battery.

A vehicle includes an engine, a rotary electric machine, an electric storage device, and a controller. The rotary electric machine is connected to an output shaft of the engine. The electric storage device is configured to supply electric power to a drive source of the vehicle and to be charged with electric power from an external power source. The external power source is disposed outside the vehicle. The controller is configured to supply the electric power from the external power source to the rotary electric machine such that the output shaft is rotated when the electric storage device is chargeable with the electric power from the external power source.

A vehicle axle assembly including an electric motor, an electric power source, a mode shift gearset, an actuator and a differential within a housing. The motor can include a first output member. The mode shift gearset can include a second output member and a shift member. The shift member can transmit torque between the first and second output members when the shift member is in a second position. The actuator can be coupled to the shift member to move the shift member between first and second positions. The differential can include a differential case and a differential gearset. The differential case can be drivingly coupled to the second output member to receive rotary power therefrom. The differential gearset can transmit rotary power between the differential case and first and second output shafts.

At the time of starting up an engine (9) using an assist motor generator (10), a main controller (28) lowers a lower limit value in a charge/discharge range of an electricity storage device (19) from a first lower limit value (min1) to a second lower limit value (min2) through an energy management control part (28B). The main controller (28) heightens the lower limit value in the charge/discharge range of an electricity storage device (19) from the second lower limit value (min2) to the first lower limit value (min1) when the start of the engine (9) is completed. Further, the main controller (28) displays engine stop prohibition information on a display device (30) when the start of the engine (9) is completed and when an SOC of the electricity storage device (19) falls below the first lower limit value (min1).

The object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid construction machine that can quickly warm up an electrical storage device and can improve the service life of the electrical storage device. This hybrid construction machine is equipped with: a prime mover (1); an electric motor that supplements the power of the prime mover (1) and generates electric power; an electrical storage device (8) that transmits power to and receives power from the electric motor; a warm-up circuit (25) that circulates a heating medium heated by waste heat from the prime mover (1) or the electric motor, or by a heater (40), to the vicinity of the electrical storage device (8); a control device that controls charging/discharging of the electrical storage device (8) and circulation of the heating medium of the warm-up circuit (25); and an outside air temperature measurement device that measures the outside air temperature. The control device executes warm-up operation by means of the heating medium, determines whether or not to execute charging/discharging of the electrical storage device (8) for the purpose of the warm-up operation in response to the outside air temperature measured by the outside air temperature measurement device, and conducts warm-up operation in which the warm-up operation by charging/discharging of the electrical storage device (8) is effected simultaneously.

A cruising distance coefficient is set that is smaller than a value of 1 and that becomes smaller as a use index indicating a degree of use of external charging gets smaller, and a cruising distance is calculated by multiplying a fuel quantity by the set cruising distance coefficient and a fuel consumption coefficient. Then, a display cruising distance is calculated by subtracting from the cruising distance a value obtained by subtracting a set-time travel distance Lset, obtained when the cruising distance is calculated, from a travel distance from a travel distance meter, and the calculated display cruising distance is displayed on a display device in front of a driver's seat.

When a use index indicative of a degree of use of external charging is less than a threshold, an electronic control unit determines that the degree of use of external charging is low, and executes a charging guide control to promote the use of external charging at the time of parking at a battery charging point, such as at home or in a battery charging station, where the external charging is performable. Hereby, it is possible to promote a driver to use external charging at the time of parking at the battery charging point. As a result, the use of external charging can be promoted.