There is provided a method of producing an electromechanical transducer that includes a plurality of electromechanical transducer elements on a substrate. The method includes forming a plurality of individual electrodes corresponding to the plurality of electromechanical transducer elements on the substrate, forming an insulation film to cover the plurality of individual electrodes on the substrate, forming a conductive film on the insulation film, forming a plurality of openings to expose the plurality of individual electrodes in each of the insulation film and the conductive film, and forming a plurality of electromechanical transducer films on the plurality of individual electrodes exposed in the plurality of openings.

A liquid discharge cartridge manufacturing method includes a first step of individually shaping a first shaped member and a second shaped member that form a housing of a liquid discharge cartridge, and a second step of joining the first shaped member and the second shaped member to be bonded to each other with molten resin. The first step includes shaping a wall section in the first shaped member, the wall section forming a recess for accommodating the molten resin, and shaping a projection in the second shaped member, the projection extending such that the projection is located at the outer side of the wall section and adjacent to the wall section, with a predetermined gap being formed between the projection and the wall section, when the first and second shaped members are joined.

A method for arranging jet cleaning nozzles comprising: arranging multiple rows of nozzles in a parallel and uniform manner along a lengthwise direction of a metal plate strip; arranging the nozzles in each row at an equal interval; arraying adjacent rows of nozzles in a staggered manner along the widthwise direction of the metal plate strip so as to form a nozzle matrix; wherein each nozzle is perpendicular to a moving direction of the metal plate strip, and the perpendicular distance of each nozzle to a surface of the metal plate strip is the same. Through the method for arranging jet cleaning nozzles, nozzles can be flexibly controlled based on the change of the geometric relationship between nozzles, in order to implement efficient and continuous descaling on the surfaces of a metal plate strip with different width specifications and different requirements on the descaling speed. In this way, waste of energy and water resources occurred when changing specifications is avoided, and the phenomenon that upper and lower nozzles spray to each other is also avoided, thereby achieving flexible and efficient control over the arrangement mode of jet cleaning nozzles for descaling.

A method for manufacturing liquid ejection heads includes the steps of forming ejection port members on a substrate, the ejection port members each having a liquid channel and an ejection port for ejecting liquid through the channel, the liquid channel communicating with the substrate; forming supply ports passing through the substrate to supply liquid to the channels; and forming a separation groove in the substrate to separate the substrate for each liquid ejection head. The step of forming the ejection port members includes the step of hardening a material constituting the ejection port member by heat treatment. The step of forming the separation groove is performed before the step of hardening.

A circuit package comprises a circuit device in a first epoxy mold compound and a second epoxy mold compound of different compositions.

An ink composition comprising a nanomaterial and a liquid vehicle, wherein the liquid vehicle comprises a composition including one or more functional groups that are capable of being cross-linked is disclosed. An ink composition comprising a nanomaterial, a liquid vehicle, and scatterers is also disclosed. An ink composition comprising a nanomaterial and a liquid vehicle, wherein the liquid vehicle comprises a perfluorocompound is further disclosed. A method for inkjet printing an ink including nanomaterial and a liquid vehicle with a surface tension that is not greater than about 25 dyne/cm is disclosed. In certain preferred embodiments, the nanomaterial comprises semiconductor nanocrystals. Devices prepared from inks and methods of the invention are also described.

A method for producing a liquid discharge apparatus includes: forming a first electrode on a film formed on a substrate, forming a piezoelectric part on the first electrode, forming a second electrode on the piezoelectric part, forming a metal part on the film by a metal material except for gold, and forming a gold trace on the metal part to connect to the first electrode.

A fluid ejection device may include a substrate having front and back opposing surfaces and a slot extending through the substrate between the back and front surfaces and along an axis of the substrate. A recessed end region may be formed in the back surface at each end of the slot.

A pressurized gas-powered actuator includes a housing and a piston movably positioned within the housing. The piston has a drive pocket formed therein. A gas generator is positioned exterior of the piston and in fluid communication with the drive pocket.

A liquid ejection head has an ejection port forming region which includes liquid ejection energy generating elements arranged on a substrate, liquid supply ports each running through the substrate and having an opening at a surface of the substrate, a liquid path formed on the surface as a space containing the liquid ejection energy generating elements and the liquid supply ports therein, and ejection ports corresponding to the respective liquid ejection energy generating elements. The liquid ejection head is manufactured by forming a liquid path forming layer on the substrate using a dry film resist, forming an ejection port forming layer on the liquid path forming layer, forming a liquid path in the liquid path forming layer and ejection ports in the ejection port forming layer. The substrate has dummy holes each having an opening at a surface of the substrate outside the ejection port forming region.