In certain aspects, the present invention provides compositions and methods for increasing red blood cell and/or hemoglobin levels in vertebrates, including rodents and primates, and particularly in humans.

In certain aspects, the present invention provides compositions and methods for increasing red blood cell and/or hemoglobin levels in vertebrates, including rodents and primates, and particularly in humans.

The invention relates to treating or preventing anaemia in a subject, such as a mammal or human. In particular, the invention addresses moderate to severe anaemia. Additionally, the invention provides means for sparing administration of erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) to subjects.

The present specification discloses a pharmaceutical composition or stable aqueous formulations for erythropoietin receptor agonists, compositions and medicaments comprising such erythropoietin receptor agonists, and methods and uses of erythropoietin receptor agonists and compositions. The present specification further discloses medicaments for treating an anemia in non-human mammals such as cats.

This document relates to conjugates of TNF inhibitors or derivatives thereof and functionalized (e.g., mono- or bi-functional) polymers (e.g., polyethylene glycol and related polymers) as well as methods and materials for making and using such conjugates.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating or preventing ulcers in subjects having low red blood cell levels and/or hemoglobin levels (e.g, anemia). In some embodiments, the compositions of the disclosure may be used to treat or prevent ulcers associated with anemia.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating or preventing ulcers in subjects having low red blood cell levels and/or hemoglobin levels (e.g, anemia). In some embodiments, the compositions of the disclosure may be used to treat or prevent ulcers associated with anemia.

Disclosed are branched PEG molecules, including branched PEG-lipids and branched-PEG proteins, as well as related compositions and methods for making branched PEG molecules. Also disclosed are related compositions, systems, and methods for in vivo delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents.

The disclosure features novel lipids and compositions involving the same. Nanoparticle compositions include a novel lipid as well as additional lipids such as phospholipids, structural lipids, and PEG lipids. Nanoparticle compositions further including therapeutic and/or prophylactics such as RNA are useful in the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactics to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression.

Provided herein are compounds of Formula (I), and salts thereof, wherein each instance of R.sup.L is independently optionally substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.40 alkenyl. Further provided are compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I) and an agent. Further provided are methods and kits using the compositions for delivering an agent to a subject or cell and for treating and/or preventing a range of diseases. Further provided are methods of preparing compounds of Formula (I) and precursors thereof. ##STR00001##