A steel sheet for containers including a steel sheet, a Sn coated layer that is formed on at least one surface of the steel sheet, and a chemical treatment layer that is formed on the Sn coated layer. A variation amount in a yellowness index measured at one measurement point on the outermost surface of the chemical treatment layer is defined as YI, and represented by YI=YIYI.sub.0, wherein YI is the yellowness index measured after the steel sheet for containers is subjected to a retort treatment at a temperature of 130 C. for 5 hours, and YI.sub.0 is the yellowness index measured before the retort treatment. An average of absolute values of the YI obtained at a plurality of measurement points included in a unit area of the outermost surface is 5.0 or less.

A metal sheet having a low friction coefficient and a low waviness. Multiple round or roughly-round small pits are distributed on the surface of the metal sheet. The diameter of a single pit ranges from 30 m to 150 m, and the overlap between adjacent pits is lower than 10%. On the surface of the metal sheet where the pits are located, the proportion of the area of pits per square millimeter of surface area is greater than 30%, and the difference between the quantities of pits in any unit square millimeter is less than 20%. By means of the proper design of surface microstructure, the friction coefficient and the waviness can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the forming and painting performance of the material.

In order to provide a method for hardening a metal sheet material by means of which a particularly hard and scratch-resistant surface is produced on the metal sheet material, it is proposed that the method comprises the following: applying at least one peening stream to the metal sheet material, wherein at least one peening stream is applied to a front side of the metal sheet material and/or a rear side of the metal sheet material, respectively.

A process of fabricating a shield, a process of preparing a component, and an erosion shield are disclosed. The process of fabricating the shield includes forming a near-net shape shield. The near-net shape shield includes a nickel-based layer and an erosion-resistant alloy layer. The nickel-based layer is configured to facilitate secure attachment of the near-net shaped to a component. The process of preparing the component includes securing a near-net shape shield to a substrate of a component.

Provided is a steel sheet having excellent image clarity after painting, including: carbon (C): 0.001% to 0.03%, silicon (Si): 0.001% to 0.35%,manganese (Mn): 0.05% to 2.2%, phosphorus (P): 0.003% to 0.1%, sulfur (S): 0.001% or 0.025%, aluminum (Al): 0.01%to 0.1%, nitrogen (N): 0.001% to 0.007%, and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities. The microstructure of the steel sheet mainly is ferrite phases. An R-cube texture of a surface layer of the steel sheet is 5% or less by area %.

A process for manufacturing corrosion resistant metal components is disclosed. The process comprises abrasive blasting of a silicon-containing steel substrate followed by hot dip galvanizing, a second abrasive blasting process, treating with a mineral acid, and coating with a polymeric coating. The resulting corrosion resistance is enhanced.

This invention relates to thermal spray coatings and processes onto non-smooth surfaces. The coating and processes can coat non-smooth surfaces without substantial degradation of the underlying surface texture or profile of the non-smooth surfaces so as to sufficiently preserve the underlying surface texture or profile. The ability for coating fractional coverage to maintain the surface profile while maintaining wear resistance is unprecedented by conventional thermal spray processes.

A friction material comprises an Fe part which contains Fe as a main component, a coating layer formed on a surface of the Fe part, and a friction part formed on a surface of at least a part of the coating layer, and the coating layer comprises a first coating layer and a second coating layer which have a specific average thickness and a specific component in order from Fe part side, and in the second coating layer, in order of positions at which the thickness is 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of the second coating layer from the side of the first coating layer to the side opposite thereto, a Cu content increases and a Ni content decreases.

Embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to materials processing methods using femtosecond duration laser pulses, and to the altered materials obtained by such methods. The resulting nanostructured (with or without macro- and micro-structuring) materials have a variety of applications, including, for example, aesthetic applications for jewelry or ornamentation; biomedical applications related to biocompatibility; catalysis applications; and modification of, for example, the optical and hydrophilic properties of materials including selective coloring.

The present invention relates to a hot press formed member. A hot press formed member according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a steel sheet; and a plating layer on the steel sheet, wherein a number of voids per 1000 m.sup.2 of an area from an interface between the plating layer and the steel sheet to 15 m is zero and wherein a concentration gradient at a section having an Fe content of 45% to 80% in the plating layer in a thickness direction from a surface of the plating layer according to a result of GDS analysis is 7 wt %/m or less.