Entirely carbohydrate immunogens, monoclonal antibodies generated from immune responses to entirely carbohydrate immunogens, vaccine compositions, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of making and using the same, are described.

Neoglycoconjugates as immunogens and therapeutic/diagnostic tools are described herein. The neoglycoconjugates are produced by conjugating a carbohydrate antigen intermediate to a free amine group of a carrier material (e.g., carrier protein). The intermediate comprises a linker having a first end and a second end, the first end being conjugated to a carbohydrate antigen via a thio ether bond and the second end comprising a functional group reactable with a free amine group. Following coupling, the carbohydrate antigen becomes covalently bound to the carrier material via an amide, a carbamate, a sulfonamide, a urea, or a thiourea bond, thereby producing the neoglycoconjugate. Applications of the neoglycoconjugates as antigens, immunogens, vaccines, and in diagnostics are also described. Specifically, the use of (neo)glycoconjugates as vaccine candidates and other therapeutic tools against cancers, viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, and other diseases characterized by expression of aberrant glycosylation are also described.

As described below, the present invention features methods for enhancing the efficacy of a tumor antigen in inducing an anti-cancer immune response in a subject by administering an OX40 agonist and an Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor with the tumor antigen.

Entirely carbohydrate immunogens, monoclonal antibodies generated from immune responses to entirely carbohydrate immunogens, vaccine compositions, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of making and using the same, are described.

The present description relates to glycoconjugates, glycoconjugate immunogens and glycoconjugate vaccines comprising carbohydrate antigens coupled to immunogenic carrier proteins, or materials used for detection and screening of resulting antibodies. Improved methods of more directly and precisely conjugating carbohydrate antigens to free thiol groups of immunogenic carrier proteins are described, including click-chemistry approaches based on photocatalytic thiol-ene reactions.

In some embodiments, described herein is a method of tumor treatment or tumor vaccination. The method generally comprises applying to a human being in need thereof a tumor therapeutic composition or tumor vaccine defined herein. The tumor therapeutic composition or tumor vaccine can be produced by protein transfer of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored immunostimulatory or costimulatory molecules.

Neoglycoconjugates as immunogens and therapeutic/diagnostic tools are described herein. The neoglycoconjugates are produced by conjugating a carbohydrate antigen intermediate to a free amine group of a carrier material (e.g., carrier protein). The intermediate comprises a linker having a first end and a second end, the first end being conjugated to a carbohydrate antigen via a thio ether bond and the second end comprising a functional group reactable with a free amine group. Following coupling, the carbohydrate antigen becomes covalently bound to the carrier material via an amide, a carbamate, a sulfonamide, a urea, or a thiourea bond, thereby producing the neoglycoconjugate. Applications of the neoglycoconjugates as antigens, immunogens, vaccines, and in diagnostics are also described. Specifically, the use of (neo)glycoconjugates as vaccine candidates and other therapeutic tools against cancers, viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, and other diseases characterized by expression of aberrant glycosylation are also described.

The invention provides improved compositions for adoptive cell therapies for cancers that express the glycoepitope STn on TAG-72.

Compositions, methods of making, and methods of using, xenoantigen-displaying anti-cancer vaccines are described.

The present application relates generally to genetically modified arenaviruses that are suitable vaccines against neoplastic diseases, such as cancer. The arenaviruses described herein may be suitable for vaccines and/or treatment of neoplastic diseases and/or for the use in immunotherapies. In particular, provided herein are methods and compositions for treating a neoplastic disease by administering a genetically modified arenavirus in combination with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, wherein the arenavirus has been engineered to include a nucleotide sequence encoding a tumor antigen, tumor associated antigen or antigenic fragment thereof.