The present invention relates to a composition for diagnosing cardio-cerebrovascular disease and a composition for preventing or treating cardio-cerebrovascular disease. The present invention may provide important clinical information that enables early establishment of treatment strategies by highly reliable prediction of not only the development of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, including arteriosclerosis, but also the likelihood of future development of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, based on the expression of lncRNA HSPA7. In addition, the composition for treating cardio-cerebrovascular disease according to the present invention inhibits HSPA7 expression, thereby inhibiting the migration of smooth muscle cells and decreasing the expression of inflammatory factors to block the development and progression of atherosclerotic plaques themselves, and thus it may be effectively used as a fundamental therapeutic composition that goes beyond symptomatic therapy such as administration of antithrombotic agents.

The present invention concerns novel and improved antibody-conjugates for targeting HER2. The inventors found that when antibody-conjugates were prepared using a specific mode of conjugation, they exhibit an improved therapeutic index. The mode of conjugation comprises a first step (i) of contacting a glycoprotein comprising 1-4 core N-acetylglucosamine moieties with a compound of the formula S(F.sup.1).sub.x—P in the presence of a catalyst, wherein S(F.sup.1).sub.x is a sugar derivative comprising x functional groups F1 capable of reacting with a functional group Q.sup.1, x is 1 or 2 and P is a nucleoside mono- or diphosphate, and wherein the catalyst is capable of transferring the S(F.sup.1).sub.x moiety to the core-GlcNAc moiety, to obtain a modified antibody; and a second step (ii) of reacting the modified antibody with a linker-conjugate comprising a functional group Q.sup.1 capable of reacting with functional group F.sup.1 and a target molecule D connected to Q.sup.1 via a linker L.sup.2 to obtain the antibody-conjugate wherein linker L comprises S—Z.sup.3-L.sup.2 and wherein Z.sup.3 is a connecting group resulting from the reaction between Q.sup.1 and F.sup.1. The invention also relates to a use for improving the therapeutic index of an antibody-conjugate and to a method for targeting HER2-expressing cells.

Provided herein, in some aspects, are delivery vehicles comprising a glycosphingolipid and an agent to be delivered attached to the glycosphingolipid. In some embodiments, the glycosphingolipid comprises an oligosaccharide and a short chain (e.g., C0-C3) ceramide. In some embodiments, the agent to be delivered is a therapeutic agent. The glycosphingolipid is able to deliver the agent to a cell or to a cellular compartment, as well as across the musical barrier. In some embodiments, agents delivered using the glycosphingolipid described herein exhibit longer half-life, compared to agents delivered alone. Methods of delivering a therapeutic agent to a subject for treating a disease using the glycosphingolipid delivery vehicle are also provided.

The present disclosure relates to double stranded RNA agents targeting the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome, and methods of using such agents to inhibit expression of one or more HBV genes and methods of treating subjects having an HBV infection or HBV-associated disorder, e.g., chronic hepatitis B infection.

Provided are a glypican-3 (GPC3)-specific modified aptamer, and prevention or treatment of hepatoma using the same. The glypican-3-specific modified aptamer of the present invention specifically binds to glypican-3 to be internalized into hepatoma cells, and exhibits anticancer activity through an anticancer agent bound to the aptamer, and therefore, has a selective anticancer effect only for GPC3-expressing hepatoma cells without affecting normal hepatocytes.

The disclosure relates to double stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNAi) agents and compositions targeting a leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene, as well as methods of inhibiting expression of a LRRK2 gene and methods of treating subjects having a LRRK2-associated disease or disorder, e.g., Parkinson's disease, using such dsRNAi agents and compositions.

The invention is in the field of medical sciences. It provides new pharmaceutical methods and preparations. In particular, the invention relates to a method for increasing the oral bioavailability of drugs. The invention also provides new compositions comprising a drug covalently attached to a saccharide as in formula (I) below. More in particular, the invention relates to a method for increasing the oral bioavailability of a drug by covalently attaching a sugar-linked, N-substituted or unsubstituted carbamoylalkylidene moiety to a hydroxyl or thiol group of a drug, wherein the substituents are as defined in the claims. ##STR00001##

Among other things, the present disclosure provides designed PNPLA3 oligonucleotides, compositions, and methods thereof. In some embodiments, provided oligonucleotide compositions provide improved single-stranded RNA interference and/or RNase H-mediated knockdown. Among other things, the present disclosure encompasses the recognition that structural elements of oligonucleotides, such as base sequence, chemical modifications (e.g., modifications of sugar, base, and/or internucleotidic linkages) or N patterns thereof, conjugation with additional chemical moieties, and/or stereochemistry [e.g., stereochemistry of backbone chiral centers (chiral internucleotidic linkages)], and/or patterns thereof, can have significant impact on oligonucleotide properties and activities, e.g., RNA interference (RNAi) activity, stability, delivery, etc. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for treatment of diseases using provided oligonucleotide compositions, for example, in RNA interference and/or RNase H-mediated knockdown.

The present embodiments provide methods, compounds, and compositions useful for inhibiting PCSK9 expression, which may be useful for treating, preventing, or ameliorating a disease associated with PCSK9.

A compound for forming a conjugate with an active agent such as an oligonucleotide having a structure represented by Formula (321). The present disclosure also provides a corresponding conjugate. The conjugate of the present disclosure can specifically target hepatocytes, thereby effectively solve the problems associated with delivery of oligonucleotide drugs in vivo, and have low toxicity and excellent delivery efficiency while maintaining high stability for the delivered oligonucleotide. ##STR00001##