Disclosed are multi-compartmental nanoparticulate systems for imaging as well as the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of inflammation and/or disease. These multicompartmental nanoparticulate systems can be used to target specific cells or cellular structures. Furthermore, these systems are capable of simultaneous delivery of hydrophilic and lipophilic compositions. Finally, these systems also allow for temporal control of drug delivery.

The present invention provides an improved process for lipid nanoparticle formulation and mRNA encapsulation. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a process of encapsulating messenger RNA (mRNA) in lipid nanoparticles comprising a step of mixing a suspension of preformed lipid nanoparticles and mRNA.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising a delivery vehicle conjugated to a targeting domain, wherein the delivery vehicle comprises at least one agent, and wherein the targeting domain specifically binds to an endothelial marker. The invention also relates to methods of treating or preventing neurological or pulmonary conditions using the described compositions.

The present invention is a composition comprising a plurality of nanoparticles of at least one noble metal each coated with a plurality of linker molecules, at least some of which are attached to at least one of a plurality of glycosaminoglycan chains.

Non-viral delivery platforms are provided for facilitating transport of molecules across cell membranes. In some forms, DNA nanoshells capable of transporting cargo molecules are formed, and may be formed in order to surround a variety of materials for a variety of purposes.

A method for treating a disease caused by protein retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with a sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump inhibitor encapsulated in a polymer nanoparticle. The polymer nanoparticle is surface-modified such that it is targeted to the ER. The inhibitor reduces protein retention in the ER and the encapsulation lowers side effects of the inhibitor, e.g., cytotoxicity, as compared to administering the inhibitor without encapsulation. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition that can be used for carrying out the method. Further provided is a transgenic mouse carrying in its genome a heterologous nucleic acid that encodes an H338Y mutant gp91.sup.phox protein. The transgenic mouse can serve as a model for human chronic granulomatous disease.

The present invention provides, among other things, methods of formulating nucleic acid-containing nanoparticles with an enzyme to afford efficient delivery of payload to a cell or tissue of interest via subcutaneous administration. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a process in which mRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles are co-mixed with various amounts of hyaluronidase and administered via subcutaneous administration. The resulting payload can be efficiently delivered to the liver and other organs or tissues of a treated subject.

An exine-construct that can be coloured and used as a protection and/or delivery and/or removal vehicle for an active substance, or as an antioxidant. It can be used in a method of surgery, therapy, prevention or diagnosis. The invention provides an exine-construct comprising of exine shells together with an active substance; and a method for preparing the exine-construct by isolating exine shells from a naturally occurring spore and suitably attaching them together.

Provided herein are nucleic acid amphiphiles and nanostructures such as nanotubes twisted nanotapes and helical nanotapes that comprise the amphiphiles as well as methods to deliver therapeutic agents with the nanostructures.

The present invention provides soluble single wall nanotube (SWNT) constructs functionalized with a plurality of a targeting moiety and a plurality of one or more payload molecules attached thereto. The targeting moiety and the payload molecules may be attached to the soluble SWNT via a DNA or other oligomer platform attached to the SWNT. These soluble SWNT constructs may comprise a radionuclide or contrast agent and as such are effective as diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Methods provided herein are to diagnosing or locating a cancer, treating a cancer, eliciting an immune response against a cancer or delivering an anticancer drug in situ via an enzymatic nanofactory using the soluble SWNT constructs.