The present invention relates to a NDG-Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanocomposite comprising a nitrogen doped graphene (NDG) and Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanoparticles. The NDG-Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanocomposite is useful in bimodal performance including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The NDG-Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanocomposites of the present invention caused significant cell death under laser irradiation, while control and Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanoparticles showed negligible cell death.

A microrobot is formed by mixing a biodegradable first material, biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles, and a drug, and includes a structure body having a three-dimensional (3D) structure and cells cultured on the surface of the structure body three-dimensionally.

Disclosed herein is a pH activated nanoparticle that can be used to deliver labile therapeutic or diagnostic agents to the cytoplasm of cells. These nanoparticles allow the agents to escape the endosome by releasing a gas in an amount effective to disrupt the endosome and release the agents into the cytoplasm. The disclosed nanoparticles have a shell, such as a phospholipid bilayer shell, and a core containing a gas bound to a substrate by a pH sensitive interaction. Also disclosed herein is are methods for delivering a pH sensitive cargo to the cytoplasm of a cell, treating triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in a subject, and treating HER2+ breast cancer in a subject.

The present disclosure provides target nanodrugs comprising nanocarriers, such as nanodiscs and/or liposomes, encapsulating a therapeutic agent. The nanodrugs may be conjugated to a targeting antibody, such as for delivery of the nanodrug across the blood brain barrier. The nanodrugs may comprise anti-retroviral therapy. Further provided herein are methods for the treatment of a disease or disorder by administering the target nanodrugs, such as for the treatment of HIV.

The present invention relates to a nanoliposome-microbubble conjugate, in which a complex of a Cas9 protein, a guide RNA inhibiting SRD5A2 gene expression and a cationic polymer is encapsulated in a nanoliposome, and to a composition for the amelioration or treatment of hair loss containing the same. Currently, drugs used for the treatment of hair loss cause serious side effects such as loss of libido or erectile dysfunction, and hair loss progresses again when drug treatment is stopped. However, when the nanoliposome-microbubble conjugate of the present invention is used, the expression of SRD5A2 inducing hair loss can be fundamentally suppressed, and the treatment of male hair loss can be performed very effectively.

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder, causing unprovoked electrical storms at different points in the brain, resulting in seizures, unconsciousness, and even death. The Epilepsy Foundation of America says that the goal of epilepsy medicine is “no seizures and no side effects.” However, this is difficult to achieve with current medications and procedures. The invention is a novel nanobubble containing epilepsy medicine. The bubble polarizes in presence of the electric surge generated in the brain during an epilepsy attack; it automatically discharges the medicine at the time and the site of the attack, stopping the seizure in its infancy without any external trigger. The radius and shell thickness of the nanobubble are designed for the bubble to burst above a particular threshold of electricity produced by an epileptic seizure.

Functionalized single walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) can be delivered into mammals to targeted organs, such as the kidney and the liver. These f-CNTs may be non-covalently linked or covalently linked to therapeutic agents. In particular, the application delivers carbon nanotube-therapeutic agent conjugates to a target organ, thereby preventing or reducing damages to the organ caused by other agents or procedure.

Fibrin-targeted microbubbles and their use in ultrasound-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications are disclosed. In particular, the invention relates to the use of fibrin-targeted polymerized shell lipid microbubbles and methods of fabricating and using such fibrin-targeted microbubbles for ultrasound imaging of fibrin deposition in tissue, including adhesions and atherosclerotic plaques. The invention further relates to the use of such fibrin-targeted microbubbles as carriers for drug delivery and in ultrasound-based methods of treatment.

The present disclosure describes the synthesis and use of lipid prodrugs that self-assemble into lipid microbubbles or liposomes. The prodrug-loaded microbubbles or liposomes can be activated intracellularly using an external stimulus, for example, using ultrasound waves.

A composition comprising at least one nanobomb comprising at least one first particle and at least one second particle in close proximity to the first particle. The at least one first particle is able to absorb electromagnetic radiation so as to generate a vapor bubble. The generation of the vapor bubble causes the at least one second particle to be propelled over a distance D. The composition is suitable to alter a biological barrier, in particular, for deforming, permeabilizing or perforating a biological barrier. A method to alter biological barriers is also disclosed.