An embodiment modular light-emitting diode (LED) display panel includes attachment points for use in attachment as part of a multi-panel modular LED display, a printed circuit board including a first side and an opposite second side, and a plastic casing attached to the opposite second side of the printed circuit board. A perimeter of the plastic casing is substantially rectangular and has a height and a width. The modular LED display panel further includes a display surface including a plurality of LEDs arranged as pixels and attached to the first side of the printed circuit board. The pixels are arranged in a rectangular array including at least fifty pixels. Each of the pixels of the rectangular array is spaced from each respective adjacent pixel of the rectangular array by a pitch. The pitch is a predetermined constant number. The pitch does not depend on the height and the width.

A method configured to produce a pressure-sensitive sensor composed of a cylindrical-shape body including therein a hollow portion along a longitudinal direction of that sensor, and being made of an elastic electrical insulating member, and a plurality of electrode wires arranged helically along an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical-shape body and arranged in such a manner as to have no contact with each other. The method includes, with an extruder with a head, extrusion-molding the cylindrical-shape body while running the plurality of electrode wires into that head in such a manner that a periphery of the plurality of electrode wires is coated with the cylindrical-shape body, and taking up the cylindrical-shape body and the plurality of electrode wires ejected from the extruder while rotating the cylindrical-shape body and the plurality of electrode wires in a circumferential direction of the sensor, to thereby helically arrange the plurality of electrode wires.

An approach includes a method of fabricating a switch. The approach includes forming a first cantilevered electrode over a first electrode, forming a second cantilevered electrode over a second electrode and operable to directly contact the first cantilevered electrode upon an application of a voltage to at least one of the first electrode and a second electrode, and the first cantilevered electrode includes an arm with an extending protrusion which extends upward from an upper surface of the arm.

A method of assembling a switching module may arrange a first pressing member on a first supporting member, stack a plurality of switches and a plurality of cooling plates on the first pressing member along a vertical direction, arrange a second pressing member and a supporting member on the uppermost cooling plate, support the first supporting member and a second supporting member using a plurality of supporting rods, press the first pressing member using a pressing device to separate between the first pressing member and the first supporting member, and insert a third pressing member between the first pressing member and the first supporting member.

A method of forming a Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) includes forming a lower electrode on a first insulator layer within a cavity of the MEMS. The method further includes forming an upper electrode over another insulator material on top of the lower electrode which is at least partially in contact with the lower electrode. The forming of the lower electrode and the upper electrode includes adjusting a metal volume of the lower electrode and the upper electrode to modify beam bending.

An RF switch to controllably withstand an applied RF voltage V.sub.SW, or a method of fabricating such a switch, which includes a string of series-connected constituent FETs with a node of the string between each pair of adjacent FETs. The method includes controlling capacitances between different nodes of the string to effectively tune the string capacitively, which will reduce the variance in the RF switch voltage distributed across each constituent FET, thereby enhancing switch breakdown voltage. Capacitances are controlled, for example, by disposing capacitive features between nodes of the string, and/or by varying design parameters of different constituent FETs. For each node, a sum of products of each significant capacitor by a proportion of V.sub.SW appearing across it may be controlled to approximately zero.

MEMS switches and methods of manufacturing MEMS switches is provided. The MEMS switch having at least two cantilevered electrodes having ends which overlap and which are structured and operable to contact one another upon an application of a voltage by at least one fixed electrode.

A tactile switch on a mobile electronic device having a housing is provided. The tactile switch is comprised of a pressure sensitive interface on an exterior portion of the housing, a switch mechanism, and at least one pathway coupled to the pressure sensitive interface and extending from the pressure sensitive interface to the switch mechanism. The switch mechanism is at a remote location from the pressure sensitive interface. The pathway is formed in an interior portion of the housing. The tactile switch further includes a viscous fluid substantially filling the pathway. The tactile switch is configured such that when pressure is applied to the pressure sensitive interface, the viscous fluid exerts pressure on the switch mechanism, causing the switch to make an electrical contact.

One example includes a method for making a switch. The method includes forming an insulating layer over a substrate. The method also includes forming a resistive heating material over the insulating layer. The method also includes depositing a thermally conductive electrically insulating barrier layer over the heating material. The method also includes forming a phase-change material (PCM) component over the barrier layer spaced apart and proximal to the resistive heating material. The method also includes forming a quench layer proximal to at least one of the resistive heating material and the PCM component. The method further includes forming conductive lines from ends of the PCM component and control lines from ends of the resistive heating material.

To provide a user with descriptive images for each function performed by a button, the embodiments described herein use a transforming graphical expression that presents different images depending on the particular function the button is currently performing. For example, if the button is used to increase speaker volume, the graphical expression may display plus sign, but if the button is currently being used to navigate through a display menu, the graphical expression may be transformed into an arrow to indicate the direction a selection element in the menu moves if the button is activated. Thus, as the current function of the button changes, the graphical expression presented to the user also changes. In this manner, the same button may be used to perform multiple functions while presenting to a user a customized graphical expression indicating the current function of the button.