A strengthened antimicrobial glass including greater from about 50.0 mol. % to about 65.0 mol. % SiO.sub.2, about 14.0 mol. % to about 22.0 mol. % Al.sub.20.sub.3, about 14.0 mol. % to about 22.0 mol. % R.sub.2O, wherein R is an alkali metal, and about 4.0 mol. % to 10.0 mol. % P.sub.2O.sub.5. The glass may have a compressive stress layer having a thickness of greater than or equal to about 20 m less than or equal to about 60 m and having a compressive stress of greater than or equal to about 700 MPa. The glass may have an antimicrobial activity greater than or equal to about 1.0 log kill at about 23 C. and about 40.0% relative humidity. A method for making the glass may include obtaining a glass article, strengthening the glass article by contact with a first ion-exchange liquid, and contacting the glass article with second ion-exchange liquid comprising an antimicrobial agent.

Coated pharmaceutical packages are disclosed. In embodiments, a coated pharmaceutical package includes a glass body comprising a first surface. A low-friction coating may be positioned on at least a portion of the first surface of the glass body. The low-friction coating may include a polymer chemical composition. A light transmission through the coated pharmaceutical package may be greater than or equal to about 55% of a light transmission through an uncoated pharmaceutical package for wavelengths from about 400 nm to about 700 nm. The low-friction coating may have a mass loss of less than about 5% of its mass when heated from a temperature of 150 C. to 350 C. at a ramp rate of about 10 C./minute.

Low-friction coatings and glass articles with low-friction coatings are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a coated glass article may include a glass body comprising a first surface and a low-friction coating positioned on at least a portion of the first surface of the glass body. The low-friction coating may include a polymer chemical composition. The coated glass article may be thermally stable at a temperature of at least about 260 C. for 30 minutes. A light transmission through the coated glass article may be greater than or equal to about 55% of a light transmission through an uncoated glass article for wavelengths from about 400 nm to about 700 nm. The low-friction coating may have a mass loss of less than about 5% of its mass when heated from a temperature of 150 C. to 350 C. at a ramp rate of about 10 C./minute.

A coated glass pharmaceutical package may include a body formed from borosilicate glass that meets the Type 1 criteria according to USP <660>. The body may have an interior surface and an exterior surface. A low-friction coating having a thickness of less than 100 microns may be positioned on at least a portion of the exterior surface. The portion of the exterior surface with the low-friction coating may have a coefficient of friction that is at least 20% less than an uncoated glass pharmaceutical package formed from the same glass composition and the coefficient of friction may not increase by more than 30% after undergoing a depyrogenation cycle at a temperature of from 250 C. to 400 C. for a time period of from 30 seconds to 72 hours.

Disclosed herein are surface-modified membranes and other surface-modified substrates exhibiting switchable oleophobicity and oleophilicity in aqueous media. These membranes and substrates may be used for variety of applications, including controllable oil/water separation processes, oil spill cleanup, and oil/water purification. Also provided are the making and processing of such surface-modified membranes and other surface-modified substrates.

A strengthened antimicrobial glass including greater from about 50.0 mol. % to about 65.0 mol. % SiO.sub.2, about 14.0 mol. % to about 22.0 mol. % Al.sub.2O.sub.3, about 14.0 mol. % to about 22.0 mol. % R.sub.2O, wherein R is an alkali metal, and about 4.0 mol. % to 10.0 mol. % P.sub.2O.sub.5. The glass may have a compressive stress layer having a thickness of greater than or equal to about 20 m to less than or equal to about 60 m and having a compressive stress of greater than or equal to about 700 MPa. The glass may have an antimicrobial activity greater than or equal to about 1.0 log kill at about 23 C. and about 40.0% relative humidity. A method for making the glass may include obtaining a glass article, strengthening the glass article by contact with a first ion-exchange liquid, and contacting the glass article with second ion-exchange liquid comprising an antimicrobial agent.

The disclosure is directed to a chemically strengthened glass having antimicrobial properties and to a method of making such glass. In particular, the disclosure is directed to a chemically strengthened glass with antimicrobial properties and with a low surface energy coating on the glass that does not interfere with the antimicrobial properties of the glass. The antimicrobial has an Ag ion concentration on the surface in the range of greater than zero to 0.047 g/cm.sup.2. The glass has particular applications as antimicrobial shelving, table tops and other applications in hospitals, laboratories and other institutions handling biological substances, where color in the glass is not a consideration.

Coated pharmaceutical packages are disclosed. In embodiments, a coated pharmaceutical package may include a glass body comprising a first surface. A low-friction coating may be positioned on at least a portion of the first surface of the glass body. The low-friction coating may include a polymer chemical composition. The coated pharmaceutical package may be thermally stable at a temperature of at least about 260 C. for 30 minutes. The low-friction coating may have a mass loss of less than about 5% of its mass when heated from a temperature of 150 C. to 350 C. at a ramp rate of about 10 C./minute.

Disclosed herein is a method of forming a glass coating including making a sol by hydrolyzing an organosilane in the presence of a least one solvent and at least one catalyst, further adding at least one alkoxysilane, and aging the sol for at least 24 hours.

A fluorochemical coating composition is provided comprising (A) a hydrolyzable group-containing silane modified with a fluoropolyether-containing polymer and (B) a hydrolyzable group-containing silane modified with a fluoropolyether-polysiloxane copolymer in a weight ratio (A)/(B) of 40/60 to 95/5. The composition forms on a substrate a water/oil repellent layer which does not detract from the visibility of the substrate.