An improved stimulus coil for use in wireless stimulation of biological tissue (e.g., nerves, muscle tissue, etc.) and, in one exemplary implementation, to glaucoma therapy based on the wireless administration of energy to the eye of a mammalian subject (e.g., human, rodent, etc.) to reduce an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) involving the use of an improved stimulus coil. The improved stimulus coil may be implanted in the eye of a mammalian subject or positioned on the exterior of the eye, such as (by way of example) by being disposed within a contact lens worn by a mammalian subject.

Devices, systems and methods are disclosed for electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve to treat or prevent disorders in a patient. The methods comprise transmitting impulses of energy to the vagus nerve according to a treatment paradigm that includes single doses administered 2 to 5 times per day. The treatment paradigm may further comprise one or more daily treatment sessions that each include one or more doses for prophylactic or acute treatment of the patient's condition. Vagus nerve stimulation is used to modulate the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain, such as GABA, norepinephrine, and/or serotonin.

An apparatus for treating tinnitus through stimulating multiple acupoints with a multi-electrode electric pulse. A control terminal controls a first MCU micro-control module and the second MCU micro-control module to allow the second MCU micro-control module to output a variety of different pulse signals, and the different pulse signals are respectively output to an electric-pulse output circuit and an electric-pulse conversion circuit. The pulse signal output to the electric-pulse output circuit is a carrier signal. The pulse signal output to the electric-pulse conversion circuit is converted to a modulating wave by the electric-pulse conversion circuit. The modulating wave and the carrier signal are both output to the electrical-pulse output circuit. After a modulation, a transcutaneous electric-pulse stimulation signal is output by an output port, and is transmitted to an electrode sheet attached to the corresponding acupoint on human body through an electrode wire to stimulate the acupoint.

This application discloses an improved approach for delivering alternating electric fields (e.g., TTFields) at a therapeutically effective strength to a target region of the spinal anatomy. In some embodiments, first and second sets of electrode elements are positioned with their centroids adjacent to upper and lower portions of the person's spine, respectively. In other embodiments, a first set of electrode elements is positioned with its centroid on an upper surface of the person's head, and a second set of electrode elements is positioned with its centroid adjacent to the person's spine (e.g., below the L3 vertebrae). Applying an AC voltage between the first and second sets of electrode elements generates a generally vertical field in the target region at levels that are not achievable using other layouts for positioning the electrode elements on the subject's body. These configurations are particularly useful for preventing and/or treating metastases.

The present invention provides an apparatus and method for limiting the power output of a transcutaneous electrical stimulator in response to changes in electrode impedance. The apparatus comprises pulse generating means having output terminals for delivering a pulsed electrical current through a circuit that contains at least two electrodes intended to be attached to the skin; measuring means coupled to the pulse generator and configured to measure the voltage across the output terminals in response to applied current; comparing means coupled to the measuring means and configured to compare the voltage measured during the pulse against a voltage threshold; and control means coupled to the comparing means and configured to limit the phase charge of the pulse when the measured voltage exceeds the voltage threshold.

A tumor treating system for the delivery of tumor treating electric fields to a patient including a control device, a field generator, and electrodes. The control device has a frequency range, a firing configuration and a firing sequence. The field generator generates electrical signals within the frequency range. The electrodes are placed in optimized locations on the patient. Each electrode includes a ceramic layer, a metalized layer and a circuit element. The metalized layer is coupled to the ceramic layer on one side of the ceramic layer. The metalized layer has an outer surface facing away from the ceramic layer. The circuit element is coupled to the metalized layer. The coupling of the circuit element to the metalized layer is across substantially all of the outer surface of the metalized layer. The circuit element conducts the electrical signals to the metalized layer as directed by the control device.

Described is a system for decoding and validating memory consolidation. During operation, the system receives electroencephalographic (EEG) data while a subject is performing a specific task. Nuisance signals are then removed from the EEG data, resulting in a nuisance free signal. Skill feature vectors are generated from the nuisance free signal using time-invariant feature extraction. A skill classifier can then be trained for the specific task based on the skill feature vectors to generate a subject specific model regarding a memory replay for the specific task. Finally, electrodes in a neural cap are activated based on the memory replay.

A posture correcting device using vibration or emitted electrical pulses in a pre-determined time sequence that may be adjusted in timing, intensity or strength, and a device for securing said posture correcting device to a body of a wearer.

A system and/or method are disclosed to inhibit sorption to a surface in a biological medium and/or biofouling by means of an alternating electric field. For example, one or more insulated electrodes may be positioned near the surface. For example, insulation may limit electric current flow between the biological medium and the electrode and/or between the surface and the electrode and/or between the electrodes. In some embodiments, the alternating charge in the vicinity of the surface may inhibit the buildup of biological films and/or sorption to the surface. For example, the system may be used to inhibit fouling of an implanted medical device (e.g. a catheter).

The present invention relates to an apparatus for fractional treatment of skin tissue of a patient comprising a handpiece, at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode, arranged on a base plate for applying radio frequency energy, to at least one layer of the skin, wherein the apparatus is adapted to apply electrical energy to the skin tissue with a first pulse and a second pulse following the first pulse, with the first pulse being a low energy level pulse and the second pulse being a high energy level pulse having a higher energy level than the low energy level pulse.