To distribute electrical treatment to a treatment area of a patient, described herein are electrical therapy devices, methods of their operation and methods for delivery of the electrical therapy to the patient. In some embodiments, the electrical therapy device comprises an electrode assembly that includes at least two electrodes, and a conductive spacer positioned between the electrodes. Methods of selection of the electrical therapy devices and methods of their operation are also provided.

When treating a subject using alternating electric fields (e.g., using TTFields to treat a tumor), some subjects experience an electrosensation effect. This electrosensation can be reduced or eliminated by applying a plurality of electrical pulses between two sets of electrode elements positioned on opposite sides of the target region. During the pulses, one set of electrode elements operate as the anode and the other set of electrode elements operate as the cathode. Electrosensation is reduced or eliminated because the collective area of the cathode is at least twice as large as the anode. An electrical signal with the opposite polarity is also applied to charge-balance the plurality of electrical pulses. The plurality of electrical pulses has an average amplitude that is at least twice the average amplitude of the charge-balancing signal.

There are many devices that are used to deliver electromagnetic energy to biological tissues. However, physical properties of current techniques limit the strength and efficacy of the applied field. This invention introduces a new apparatus for the application of evanescent waves into biological tissue. The apparatus is planar, conformal, and electrically insulated and is comprised of two or more conductive regions spatially separated by a non-conductive gap insulated by low-dielectric constant, non-conductive material. The apparatus is powered by one or more RF/voltage sources that can be applied to individual or several conductive regions to create voltage differentials that generate evanescent waves. The apparatus can be used for treating cancer tumors, deep brain stimulation, and other therapeutic purposes.

Tumor treating fields (TTFields) can be delivered by implanting a plurality of sets of implantable electrode elements within a person’s body. Temperature sensors positioned to measure the temperature at the electrode elements are also implanted, along with a circuit that collects temperature measurements from the temperature sensors. In some embodiments, an AC voltage generator configured to apply an AC voltage across the plurality of sets of electrode elements is also implanted within the person’s body.

Methods and apparatus for treatment of cancer are provided. The method can include systemic administration of selective A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) agonists like CI-IB-MECA (CF 101), U-529, cordycepin or similar drugs in combination with application of pulsed Electric Field Stimulation (EFS) to the treatment area. A3AR agonists may be delivered in blend with allosteric enhancers of A3AR agonists potency like LUF6000 or other similar drugs. EFS is provided in three or more directions, which significantly increases expression of A3ARs on the cellular membranes and allows achieving a downstream apoptotic signal several-fold stronger than the signal created by an agonist alone. The apparatus may be dedicated to one patient usage over long period of time – hours and days continuously or intermittently.

The present disclosure is related to dosage strategies for the treatment of CNS cancers with proteasome inhibitors (e.g., marizomib). For instance, the disclosure is related to strategies in which a proteasome inhibitor (e.g., marizomib) is administered at the same or higher dosage even after a subject has experienced a CNS-related adverse event.

This application describes a variety of approaches for generating high voltage sinusoidal signals whose output voltage can be adjusted rapidly, without introducing high-frequency artifacts on the output. When these approaches are used, stronger electric fields can be applied to the tumor for a higher percentage of time, which can increase the efficacy of TTFields therapy. In some embodiments, this is accomplished by preventing adjustments to a DC power source during times when the output of that DC power source is powering the output signal. In some embodiments, this is accomplished by synchronizing the operation of an AC voltage generator and an electronic switch that is connected to the output of the AC voltage generator.

A garment is herein disclosed. In some implementations, the garment may comprise a support layer configured to be worn by a patient. The support layer may be sized and dimensioned to cover at least a portion of the patient and associated with a transducer array fastener. A transducer array may have a skin-facing surface and a complementary array fastener associated with a surface opposite the skin-facing surface. The transducer array fastener may be operable to be coupled with the complementary array fastener. The transducer array may have a first edge, a second edge opposite the first edge; and a protective layer disposed on the skin-facing surface of the transducer array. The protective layer may have a release member extending from the protective layer adjacent to the first edge of the transducer array and extends beyond the second edge of the transducer array.

An insulated electrode system for delivering a plurality of tumor treating electromagnetic fields including an array of electrode elements for proximate location on a body of a patient. Each electrode element of the array having an insulation layer. Each electrode element being independently electrically accessible and configured to be dynamically assigned to emanate an electromagnetic field relative to at least one other of said electrode elements.

Garments for applying TTFields are disclosed, including a garment comprising a support layer sized and dimensioned to cover at least a portion of a treatment area, a first anchor point associated with the support layer and a first position on a patient, a second anchor point associated with the support layer and a second position on the patient, a transducer array comprising a first fastener and an attaching component, and one or more second fastener connected to the support layer and attachable to the first fastener to support the transducer array; the first and second fasteners separable with a first force. The attaching component, when attached to the patient, is separable from the patient with a second force greater than the first force, wherein application of the first force to the transducer array directed away from the patient does not cause separation of the transducer array from the patient.