Various embodiments set forth medical devices. In some embodiments, the medical device includes an impedance bridge, an instrument head that includes one or more electrode pairs and a calibration impedance, and one or more wire pairs that couple the impedance bridge to the one or more electrode pairs and the calibration impedance. The disclosed medical devices compensate for impedance caused by extraneous factors arising from manufacturing and materials variances while measuring the impedance of tissue.

In various embodiments, a medical device includes an instrument head that includes two or more electrodes and a medical device tool, an impedance bridge selectively coupled to the two or more electrodes, and a processor coupled to the impedance bridge. In various embodiments, a method for controlling medical device tools comprises recording, at one or more frequencies, two or more impedance measurements, wherein each impedance measurement is associated with two or more electrodes included in an instrument head of a medical device; and determining, based on the two or more impedance measurements, a tissue type map at a location associated with the instrument head.

An open catheter has at least eight splines making up a basket. Each of the splines includes at least six electrodes. An arm is provided connected to and capable of moving the splines from a closed position to an open position, and multiple positions therebetween.

A method includes receiving or generating a volume map of at least a portion of a cavity of an organ of a body including a plurality of mapped locations, and a point cloud of locations in the cavity marked for treatment. The volume map is updated by removing a portion of the mapped locations, so that the locations marked for treatment fall on a surface of the volume map. Using the updated volume map, a map of at least a portion of the cavity is generated, the map including the locations marked for treatment. The map is displayed to user.

An elongate medical device shaft may comprise an elongate body and an annular electrode disposed on the elongate body. The annular electrode may define a longitudinal axis and have an outer diameter. The outer diameter may be greater at an axial center of the electrode than at an axial end of the electrode. Additionally or alternatively, the elongate body may comprise three longitudinal sections having three wall thicknesses. The middle wall thickness may be less than the proximal and distal wall thicknesses and the distal wall thickness may be less than the proximal wall thickness. Additionally or alternatively, the shaft may comprise an inner cylindrical structure and an outer tube. The outer tube may comprise a first radial layer and a second radial layer that is radially-outward of the first radial layer, the first radial layer, second radial layer, and inner structure having different stiffnesses.

An apparatus includes an end effector having loop members with electrodes thereon and is usable with catheter-based systems to measure or provide electrical signals. The end effector can include three loop members that are non-coplanar when expanded unconstrained that become contiguous to a planar surface when the loop members are deflected against the surface, a mechanical linkage that joins the loop members at a distal vertex of the end effector, electrodes having surface treatment to enhance surface roughness of the electrodes, twisted pair electrode wires, a bonded spine cover, and/or any combination thereof.

The present disclosure discusses a devices, systems and methods for transvascular, transvenous and/or transdural access, to the brain parenchyma, subarachnoid or subdural spaces. In some embodiments, the disclosed systems and methods may be used for local drug delivery, tissue biopsy, nanofluidic or microelectronic device/component delivery/insertion/implantation, in situ imaging, ablation of abnormal brain tissue and the like. Embodiments of the present disclosure include an access catheter system for extravascular procedures in the brain having an elongate, flexible tubular body, with at least one lumen extending axially there through between a proximal end, and a distal end. The access catheter system may include a side exit port and a distal end port. Further, the access catheter system may include a selective deflector positioned within the lumen configured to deflect a procedure catheter and permit a guide catheter.

The present disclosure provides systems, methods, and processes for detecting electrode wire noise caused by flexing or deflection of a distal tip of a probe. Various sensor configurations are disclosed for detecting this noise, including displacement sensors for probe actuators and sensing wires integrated with the probe electrode wires.

A method of displaying a virtual electrogram for a virtual bipole includes receiving a plurality of electrophysiological signals from a respective plurality of electrodes carried by a multi-dimensional catheter; using the received electrophysiological signals to compute a plurality of virtual electrograms associated with a respective plurality of virtual bipoles, each having a corresponding virtual bipole orientation; selecting a virtual bipole orientation; and displaying the virtual electrogram associated with the virtual bipole having the selected virtual bipole orientation. Aspects of the disclosure can be executed through a graphical user interface of an electroanatomical mapping system that also incorporates a visualization processor.

A system includes signal acquisition circuitry and a processor. The signal acquisition circuitry is configured to receive multiple intra-cardiac signals acquired by multiple electrodes of an intra-cardiac probe in a heart of a patient. The processor is configured to perform a sequence of annotation-visualization operations at subsequent times, by performing, in each operation: extracting multiple annotation values from the intra-cardiac signals, selecting a group of the intra-cardiac signals, identifying in the group one or more annotation values that are statistically deviant by more than a predefined measure of deviation, and visualizing the annotation values to a user, while omitting and refraining from visualizing the statistically deviant annotation values. The processor is further configured to assess, over one or more of the annotation-visualization operations, a rate of omissions of annotation values, and to take a corrective action in response to detecting that the rate of omissions exceeds a predefined threshold.