An ultrasonic surgical instrument and method for identifying tissue state and energizing the surgical instrument includes an end effector having an ultrasonic blade and an RF electrode, a shaft assembly, a body, and a power controller. A first ultrasonic energy input is configured to be actuated from a first unactuated energy input state to a first actuated energy input state. A trigger input is configured to be actuated from an unactuated trigger input state to an actuated trigger input state. The power controller is operatively connected to the ultrasonic blade, the RF electrode, the first ultrasonic energy input, and the trigger input and configured to direct at least one of the ultrasonic blade or the RF electrode to be selectively driven according to a predetermined drive function based on the tissue impedance, the state of the first energy input, and the state of the trigger input.

An ultrasonic surgical instrument and method of limiting an ultrasonic blade temperature includes adjusting at least one power parameter of the ultrasonic energy in response to reaching a predetermined frequency parameter change threshold in the ultrasonic blade limiting the temperature of the ultrasonic blade to an upper temperature limit. The ultrasonic surgical instrument further includes an end effector having an ultrasonic blade, a jaw, and a controller. The jaw is movably positioned relative to the ultrasonic blade and configured to move between an open position and a closed position. The controller operatively connects to the ultrasonic blade and is configured to measure an ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic blade. The controller has a memory including a plurality of predetermined data correlations that correlate changes in measured ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic blade to a blade temperature of the ultrasonic blade.

A sine wave generator includes a resonator circuit, a control circuit and a pulse generator. The resonator circuit is configured to receive energy pulses and to generate a resonator sinusoidal signal responsively to the energy pulses. The control circuit is configured to estimate a signal measure of the resonator sinusoidal signal, or of a signal derived from the resonator sinusoidal signal. The pulse generator is configured to generate the energy pulses responsive to the signal measure estimated by the control circuit, and to drive the resonator circuit with the energy pulses.

A surgical instrument for cutting and stapling patient tissue is disclosed. The surgical instrument comprises an end effector including a staple cartridge and staples, a firing element configured to move through the staple cartridge to cut the patient tissue and eject the staples from the staple cartridge during a staple firing stroke, an elongate shaft extending from the end effector, and a handle extending from the elongate shaft. The handle comprises a motor configured to output a rotary motion. The firing element is operably responsive to the rotary motion. The firing element is further configured to be driven at different speeds during the staple firing stroke. The handle further comprises a display. The display is configured to display the different speeds of the firing element during the staple firing stroke as a graphical representation.

A surgical instrument for stapling patient tissue is disclosed. The surgical instrument comprises an end effector, a firing element, an elongate shaft, a handle, an electric motor, and a display. The end effector extends from the elongate shaft and comprises a staple cartridge and a plurality of staples. The elongate shaft extends from the handle. The firing element is configured to move through the end effector between a proximal position and a distal position. The firing element is further configured to eject the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge during a firing stroke. The electric motor is configured to output a rotary motion and the firing element is operably responsive to the rotary motion. The display is configured to display a current position of the firing element during the firing stroke.

A surgical instrument assembly is disclosed. The surgical instrument assembly comprises a housing, a shaft assembly configured to be operably attached to the housing, a retraction assembly configured to manually retract a firing member, and a lock operably coupled with the retraction assembly and a drive unit.

Disclosed is a pulsed laser system for dermatological treatment, including a light source suitable for emitting a light pulse beam and an optical amplifier system suitable for generating a laser pulse beam at a first repetition frequency. The duration of a laser pulse is between 100 femtoseconds and 100 picoseconds, the first repetition frequency is between 1 kHz and 10 GHz, each laser pulse having a quantity of energy less than or equal to 1 microjoule, and the pulsed laser system also includes a unit for temporally modulating the laser pulse beam and/or a unit for spatially modulating the laser pulse beam, the temporal and/or spatial modulation means being suitable for reducing the density of energy deposited on a surface to be treated and for generating a density of energy of between 0.0001 J/cm.sup.2 and 0.01 J/cm.sup.2.

A glaucoma treatment apparatus including an imaging device capable of imaging the anterior segment of the eye, a treatment laser, an algorithm programmed to determine a location and a cross sectional area of a treatment based on a customized anatomy of the anterior segment of the eye including the trabecular meshwork (TM), the Schlemm's Canal (SC) and collector channels (CCS), obtained from pre-operative images of the anterior segment of the eye, a pre-operative intraocular pressure (IOP) level and a target IOP reduction as an inputs, and a processor configured to actuate the apparatus to create an outflow channel with a cross-sectional area and location or multiple outflow channels with multiple cross-sectional areas and locations from the anterior chamber (AC) to the SC across the TM, as determined by the algorithm to achieve the target intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction. Also disclosed is a method of reducing intraocular pressure in an eye.

A powered handle for a surgical stapler can have a drive system including an electric motor. The powered handle can include a manual articulation mechanism to articulate a jaw assembly coupled to a reload shaft connected to the handle. The manual articulation mechanism can include a ball screw mechanism that translates an articulation member responsive to rotation of an articulation knob when an instrument shaft is engaged with the handle. The articulation mechanism includes a release function that allows the jaw assembly to return to a longitudinally centered orientation. The powered handle includes a battery pack serving as a power supply for the drive system. A control system can control actuation of the motor based on user inputs and operating parameters of the stapler and can provide certain motor drive profiles for predetermined positions of the stapler. The powered handle can include a manual return mechanism.

A photo-thermal targeted treatment system for damaging a target embedded in a medium includes a controller and a photo-thermal treatment unit including a light source. The controller is configured for administering a treatment protocol using the light source at a preset power setting and a preset pulse timing setting. Also, a method for automatically initiating a treatment protocol using a photo-thermal targeted treatment system includes administering a cooling mechanism at a treatment location, monitoring a skin surface temperature at the treatment location and, when the skin surface temperature reaches a preset threshold, automatically initiating the photo-thermal treatment protocol. Further, a method for automatically terminating a treatment protocol using includes, during administration of the treatment protocol at a treatment area, monitoring a skin surface temperature at the treatment location, and when the skin surface temperature reaches a preset threshold, automatically terminating the treatment protocol.