A transition microelectrode (108) can include a micro well array (104) having a plurality of microwells. The transition microelectrode (108) can further include a plurality of neuronal soma oriented within the plurality of microwells. A bioerodible probe guide (106) can be oriented over the microwell array (104). An electrode (103) can be electrically connected with the plurality of microwells. A transition microelectrode array (116) can include an electrode array having a plurality of the transition microelectrodes (108).

Systems and methods for closed-loop control of electrostimulation while avoiding, or maintaining a substantially low level of, evoked neural activity are disclosed. A system comprises an electrostimulator to deliver a stimulation pulse train, a sensing circuit to sense evoked responses to respective pulses in the pulse train, and a controller to detect an evoked neural activity from an averaged evoked response by averaging evoked responses to respective pulses. The averaging operation can be controlled by a noise level of the averaged evoked response, or by a count of epochs (pulses) being used for averaging. Responsive to the evoked neural activity satisfying a detection criterion, the controller recursively adjusts stimulation parameters until the detection criterion is no longer satisfied. The electrostimulator delivers electrostimulation according to the recursively adjusted stimulation parameters.

Systems and methods for presenting electrostimulation data and patient clinical responses to electrostimulation are disclosed. A system comprises an implantable stimulator, and a programming device including a controller to identify first and second sets of base stimulation settings each comprising an electrode configuration and stimulation parameter values selected from a configuration and parameter search space. The controller can detect clinical effects and evaluate a clinical response indicator in response to electrostimulation for each base stimulation setting of the first set, and predict clinical effects and estimate a clinical response indicator without delivering electrostimulation for each base stimulation setting of the second set. Based on the clinical response indicators, the controller can determine characteristic stimulation amplitudes for one or more electrode configurations. A formatted monopolar review report comprising the characteristic stimulation amplitudes can be displayed to the user.

The present invention provides, inter alia, methods, apparatus, and systems useful for ameliorating impulse control disorders known to be extremely disabling and common to many neurological and psychiatric conditions using closed-loop (responsive) neuro stimulation.

A flexible printed circuit board (FPCA) of a brain computer interface (BCI) module is configured to interconnect a plurality of emitter assemblies and a plurality of detector assemblies of the BCI module. The FPCA comprises a connector portion for connecting the FPCA to a controller of the BCI module, a plurality of rigid sections, a plurality of flexible sections. A first subset of rigid sections is configured to mount the plurality of emitter assemblies. A second subset of rigid sections is configured to mount the plurality of detector assemblies. Each flexible section is configured to attach the two or more rigid sections of the plurality of rigid sections to each other. The plurality of flexible sections allows the plurality of emitter assemblies and the plurality of detector assemblies to stretch to conform to a head of a user.

A system to predict heating in implants includes a memory configured to store an image of a patient. The image includes a medical implant of the patient. The system also includes a processor operatively coupled to the memory and configured to determine an implant trajectory of the medical implant. The processor is also configured to determine a tangential component of an electric field that is incident upon the medical implant at a plurality of locations along the implant trajectory. The processor is further configured to determine, based on the implant trajectory and the tangential component of the electric field at each of the plurality of locations, a specific absorption rate of radiofrequency (RF) energy associated with the medical implant.

Disclosed are medical devices for sensing bioelectrical potential including an electroencephalography (EEG) headset, electrodes compatible therewith, and methods of operation thereof. The headset can comprise a left junction and a right junction, a plurality of length-adjustable bands connecting the left junction and the right junction, and a number of electrodes. Each of the electrodes can comprise an electrode body coupled to one of the plurality of length-adjustable bands and a detachable electrode tip configured to be detachably coupled to the electrode body. The electrode tip can comprise an electrode tip body, one or more deflectable electrode legs coupled to the electrode tip body, and a conductive cushioning material coupled to a segment of at least one of the one or more electrode legs. The conductive cushioning material can retain or be saturated with one or more conductors.

An electrode module is positioned inside an intracranial portion of a human head. Then, it captures brain images of the human head so multiples two dimensional (2D) cross-sectional images are obtained. The electrodes can be seen in one or more 2D cross-sectional images. A brain functional map adjusting portion is provided to obtain the 2D cross-sectional images and then to conduct a proportional deformation process for the images in the brain functional map database. By combining the processed images in the brain functional map database and the 2D cross-sectional images, multiple combined cross-sectional images can be obtained for display. So, the effects of intracranial electrodes are better than the traditional way. In addition, the brain structure information of a patient contains the precise positions of the electrodes and the corresponding brain functional areas.

A method includes providing a first electrically conductive element over a top surface of a substrate. The method includes measuring at least one parameter indicative of the shape or dimensions of the first electrically conductive element. The method includes simulating the first electrically conductive element and a dielectric wall surrounding the first electrically conductive element for a plurality of wall heights by using the at least one parameter as an input. The method includes for each wall height, computing the maximum current density present at a surface of the first electrically conductive element. The method includes determining, from the maximum current densities, wall height(s) for which the maximum current density is below a threshold. Furthermore, the method includes providing a second electrically conductive element, identical to the first electrically conductive element, surrounded by a wall having a wall height of the determined wall height(s).

A medical robot system, including a robot coupled to an effectuator element with the robot configured for controlled movement and positioning. The system may include a transmitter configured to emit signals, and the transmitter is coupled to an instrument coupled to the effectuator element. The system may further include a motor assembly coupled to the robot and a plurality of receivers configured to receive the signals emitted by the transmitter. A control unit is coupled to the motor assembly and the plurality of receivers, and the control unit is configured to supply instruction signals to the motor assembly. The instruction signals can be configured to cause the motor assembly to selectively move the effectuator element and is further configured to (i) calculate a position of the transmitter; (ii) display the position of the at least one transmitter; and (iii) selectively control actuation of the motor assembly.