A system and methods for performing neurophysiologic assessments during surgery, such as assessing the health of the spinal cord via at least one of MEP and SSEP monitoring and assessing bone integrity, nerve proximity, neuromuscular pathway, and nerve pathology during spine surgery.

An oral care device for placement in the oral cavity. The oral care device may include a support component, a piezoelectric component, and/or sensor and/or a therapeutic element. The support component is configured for placement between one or more maxillary teeth and one or more mandibular teeth. The piezoelectric element is configured to generate electrical energy from relative movement of the maxillary teeth and the mandibular teeth. The sensor is configured to sense a condition in the oral cavity. The therapeutic element is configured to release a therapeutic into the oral cavity. The device may include any one or any combination of the piezoelectric component, the therapeutic element, and the sensor.

A reflective cable system for a geophysical survey system includes a reflective cable that includes a conductive wire surrounded by an electrically insulating sheath and an exterior surface. The reflective cable includes reflective material that is on or visible through the exterior surface and that is configured to reflect a complete spectrum of light provided by a light source back to the light source. The reflective cable system also includes a connector electrically coupled to at least one end of the reflective cable and configured to couple to a geophysical survey system. The reflective cable may be used to locate the reflective cable in a physical environment and used to determine a position of the reflective cable using lidar or photogrammetry for generating geophysical survey models.

An apparatus and method are used to deliver an electrical current to, through or across gingival tissues of a mouth in order to achieve a number of therapeutic, prophylactic, cosmetic, and or regenerative benefits. These benefits include killing or modifying oral microbes, increasing oral vasodilation, reducing oral biofilm, improving oral blood circulation, reversing oral bone resorption, promoting oral osteogenesis, treating gum recession, and fostering gingival regeneration. Other benefits include the treatment of gingivitis, periodontitis, and oral malodor, and other systemic diseases correlated with oral pathogens. Use of systems and methods according to the present invention may effectively tighten epithelial contact with one or more teeth (e.g., by the junctional epithelium and/or the sulcular epithelium) and/or cause a tightening of the oral epithelium, thereby improving an appearance of a human smile.

Devices, systems, and techniques are described for creating pockets in tissue for accepting implantable medical devices. For example, a surgical tool includes a shaft defining a proximal end, a distal end, and a longitudinal axis, a handle coupled to the proximal end of the shaft, and one or more blades configured to move between a retracted configuration and a deployed configuration, wherein the one or more blades extend, in the deployed configuration, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis at the distal end of the shaft. The one or more blades may be configured to separate tissue in the deployed configuration.

Embodiments detect obstructive sleep apnea (“OSA”). Embodiments measure a pattern of breathing by a user; and analyze the pattern using stored breath limits to determine one or more missed breaths by the user.

A reflective cable system for a geophysical survey system includes a reflective cable that includes a conductive wire surrounded by an electrically insulating sheath and an exterior surface. The reflective cable includes reflective material that is on or visible through the exterior surface and that is configured to reflect a complete spectrum of light provided by a light source back to the light source. The reflective cable system also includes a connector electrically coupled to at least one end of the reflective cable and configured to couple to a geophysical survey system. The reflective cable may be used to locate the reflective cable in a physical environment and used to determine a position of the reflective cable using lidar or photogrammetry for generating geophysical survey models.

An intraoral stimulation device configured to be positioned in a mouth of a patient. The device includes a sensor and one or more electrodes. The sensor is configured to monitor a position of the tongue and/or force exerted by the tongue against the sensor and to transmit a signal encoding tongue information. The electrode(s) is/are configured to deliver electrical stimuli to the patient's hard palate when the tongue information indicates that the tongue has moved from a desired position to an undesired position in the mouth. The electrical stimuli causes the tongue to move from the undesired position to the desired position.

Mandibular repositioning devices have a mandibular piece having a first teeth covering and having a housing proximate each of a left molar portion and a right molar portion, a protrusive flange extending cranially from each housing, and a maxillary piece having a second teeth covering and having a housing proximate each of a left molar portion and a right molar portion. Each housing encloses a power source electrically connected an on-board circuit board and the housings of the maxillary piece further have the power source electrically connected to a motor operatively connected to a drive for anterior and posterior movements of the mandibular piece. The maxillary piece sits on the mandibular piece with the driver operatively engaged with the protrusive flange. The protrusive flange has a concavely-shaped anterior surface mated to a convexly-shaped head of the driver shaped to match the concavely-shaped anterior surface of the protrusive flange.

A medical device system and method are disclosed for treating obstructive sleep apnea. The system includes a pulse generator and a medical electrical lead including multiple electrodes carried by a distal portion of an elongated lead body. The method includes advancing the distal portion within protrusor muscle tissue below the oral cavity and delivering electrical stimulation pulses via the electrodes to sustain a protruded state throughout a delivery time period to sustain a protruded state of a patient's tongue throughout the therapy delivery time period. The therapy delivery time period may span multiple respiration cycles.