Embodiments of the invention are related to leads with topographic surface features and related methods, amongst other things. In an embodiment, the invention includes an implantable lead including a lead body having a proximal end and a distal end, the lead body including an outer layer defining a lumen, the lead body further including a first electrical conductor disposed within the lumen of the outer layer. The implantable lead can further include a first electrode coupled to the lead body, the electrode in electrical communication with the first electrical conductor. The implantable lead can also include a cellular modulation segment on the external surface of the lead body, the cellular modulation segment comprising topographic surface features configured to modulate cellular responses. Other embodiments are also included herein.

An electrode head of an implantable electrode line, including an elongate housing which has a longitudinal axis and includes at least two housing parts, which are cylinder-segment-shaped at least in portions and are fixedly joined together.

A leadless pacemaker device for providing an intra-cardiac pacing includes processing circuitry configured to generate ventricular pacing signals for stimulating ventricular activity at a ventricular pacing rate, a first sensor configuration receiving a first sense signal, and a second sensor configuration receiving a second sense signal. The processing circuitry derives, in a first sensing state, atrial events from the first sense signal for controlling the ventricular pacing rate based on the atrial events. The processing circuitry switches, based on at least one switching criterion, from the first sensing state to a second sensing state in which the processing circuitry derives atrial events from the second sense signal. The second sense signal is received by the second sensor configuration for detection of atrial events and the second sensor configuration is a motion sensor or a sound sensor. A method for operating the pacemaker device is also provided.

An implantable medical system includes an implantable catheter advanceable into a coronary sinus of a patient's heart. A guide element and an implantable lead receivable in the side lumen is advanceable through an angled opening of the catheter to be deflected laterally away from the catheter at the deflection angle to position the at least one testing electrode or at least one pacing electrode, respectively, in a myocardium of the patient's heart when the distal portion of the catheter is positioned in the coronary sinus.

An electrode (10) for treating organic tissue by means of direct current, comprising an electrode holder (20), at least one electrically conductive electrode surface (30), which is let into the electrode holder (20), wherein the at least one electrode surface (30) is connected to at least one control element (400) and wherein the at least one control element (400) is connected to a control and energy supply unit by way of electrical lines (60, 70), wherein the at least one control element (400) is configured in such a way that each individual electrode surface (30) is actuable by the at least one control element (400) in such a way that a current density (J) provided within a predetermined interval for each one of the at least one electrode surfaces (30) can be maintained or that a current density (J) for each one of the at least one electrode surfaces (30) can be maintained around a predetermined value.

A wireless electrostimulation system can comprise a wireless energy transmission source, and an implantable cardiovascular wireless electrostimulation node. A receiver circuit comprising an inductive antenna can be configured to capture magnetic energy to generate a tissue electrostimulation. A tissue electrostimulation circuit, coupled to the receiver circuit, can be configured to deliver energy captured by the receiver circuit as a tissue electrostimulation waveform. Delivery of tissue electrostimulation can be initiated by a therapy control unit.

Brugada syndrome and related forms of ion channelopathies, including ventricular asynchrony of contraction, originate in the region near the His bundle or para-Hisian regions of the heart. Manifestations of Brugada syndrome can be corrected by delivering endocardial electrical stimulation coincident to the activation wave front propagated from the atrioventricular (AV) node early enough to compensate for the conduction problems that start in those region. The stimulation can include waveforms of the same or different polarity delivered to a site within the region near the His bundle or para-Hisian regions of the heart associated with a low cardiac electrical asynchrony level or can include at least two single-phased superimposed waveforms of opposite polarity delivered through a pair of pacing electrodes relative to a reference electrode, which can be delivered to any site within the region near the His bundle or para-Hisian regions of the heart.

A multi-electrode implantable device for sensing cardiac signals and various methods for using the sensed cardiac signals are described herein. The multi-electrode device comprises a tetrahedral electrode cluster at a tip at a distal end of the lead/device; four electrodes embedded in the tetrahedral configuration; and four individual wires extending from the electrodes within the lead for receiving voltages sensed by the four electrodes. The methods can be used for deriving various physiological features that can be used in various ways including: diagnosing a physiological condition, efficient sensing of physiological signals, applying more efficient pacing by a pacemaker and indirect cardiac mapping. One or more of the physiological features may be used for applying appropriate treatment methods by a pacemaker/ICD or for applying cardiac ablation or cryofreezing.

A medical system includes a catheter including an insertion tube having a distal end, an elongated resilient distal section fixed to the distal end of the insertion tube, the distal section having an outer surface, and a plurality of electrode structures, each electrode structure being disposed on, and bulging above the outer surface of the distal section, each electrode structure including a respective primary electrode and at least one respective secondary electrode extending around the outer surface, and respective electrically insulating material disposed around the outer surface and between the respective primary electrode and the at least one respective secondary electrode, the respective primary electrode bulging further above the outer surface than the at least one respective secondary electrode and the electrically insulating material.

An electric stimulator for heart (as in heart pacemakers), brain (as in DBS), organs and general cells, with electrodes in the space surrounding the main stimulating electrodes. These surrounding electrodes are more effective at creating the best electric field to guide the stimulating electric charges necessary for the purpose of the device. The surrounding electrodes are supported on a second supporting device, while the main electrodes are in a first supporting device we call picafina.