An apparatus for monitoring a patient post operation having electrically conducting leads which are adapted to extend from inside the patient. The leads having electrodes adapted to communicate with a heart of the patient and apply electrical signals to the heart. The electrodes providing cardiac signals to the computer in response to the electrical signals so the computer can determine in real time at least one of heart volume, end diastolic heart volume, end systolic heart volume, stroke volume, change in heart volume, change in stroke volume, contractility, respiration rate or tidal volume regarding the patient.

A device for use during cardiothoracic surgery around the heart of a patient. The device includes an angled drainage tube including a first portion having a plurality of drainage orifices and a second portion which is angled relative to the first portion. A flexible drainage tube extends from the angled tube and is in fluid communication therewith. A pair of pacing electrodes are disposed on a single aspect of the first portion of the angled drainage tube. The pacing electrodes are adapted to be in contact with the heart muscle for intrinsic rhythm sensing and pacing capability thereof. At least one electrical wire is connected to the pacing electrodes and extends along a portion of the angled drainage tube. The at least one electrical wire is connectable to a pacing box via a cable for powering and controlling the pacing electrodes.

Existing clinically adopted epicardial pacing leads mostly rely on surgical suturing or insertion of electrodes to the heart tissue. However, these approaches can cause tissue trauma during application and/or retrieval of the implants, potentially causing detrimental complications such as bleeding, tissue damage, and/or device failure. The present invention provides a bioadhesive epicardial pacing lead for atraumatic epicardial monitoring and stimulation of the heart in vivo to overcome the limitations of existing bioelectronic implants. The bioadhesive pacing lead is composed of an insulation layer, a conductive bioadhesive interface, a built-in reservoir, an electrode lead wire, and a fluidic channel. The bioadhesive pacing lead shows robust mechanical and electrical properties, biocompatibility, continuous epicardial monitoring and pacing capability, and rapid on-demand atraumatic employment and removal.

Systems, devices, and methods for providing post operative treatment of atrial fibrillation to a patient are described. The system includes: one or more leads, each lead having one or more electrodes for delivering energy to the heart of the patient; an energy delivery device for providing energy comprising a first waveform; and a converter device electrically connected to the energy delivery device. The converter device receives the energy comprising the first waveform from the energy delivery device, converts the energy having the first waveform into energy having a second waveform, and delivers the energy having the second waveform to the patient's heart via the one or more electrodes of each of the one or more leads. The energy having the second waveform delivered by the converter treats atrial fibrillation of the patient.

In various examples, a guidewire for temporary pacing of tissue includes an elongate core wire and a coil disposed along at least a portion of a length of the core wire. The coil is disposed radially outwardly from and around the core wire, wherein a core axis and a coil axis are substantially aligned. At least one electrode is disposed along the guidewire and includes an uninsulated portion of the core wire disposed within an electrode section of the coil. A spacing between adjacent windings of the electrode section of the coil is configured to allow a stimulation pulse to travel from the uninsulated portion of the core wire, through the spacing between the adjacent windings of the electrode section, and to the tissue in order to stimulate the tissue.

In various examples, a guidewire for temporary pacing of tissue includes an elongate core wire and a coil disposed along at least a portion of a length of the core wire. The coil is disposed radially outwardly from and around the core wire, wherein a core axis and a coil axis are substantially aligned. At least one electrode is disposed along the guidewire and includes an uninsulated portion of the core wire disposed within an electrode section of the coil. A spacing between adjacent windings of the electrode section of the coil is configured to allow a stimulation pulse to travel from the uninsulated portion of the core wire, through the spacing between the adjacent windings of the electrode section, and to the tissue in order to stimulate the tissue.

The present invention relates to a myocardial spectrometer probe, comprising: at least two separate light guides (120A, 120B), insertable in a tissue, wherein a first light guide (120A, 120B) is arranged to deliver light and a second light guide (120A, 120B) is arranged to collect light, and wherein the first light guide (120A, 120B) and the second light guide (120A, 120B) are arranged distinct to each other.