Embodiments of the instant invention relate to applying motor learning to promote remyelination following demyelination in a subject having a condition or disease. In certain embodiments, applying motor learning alone or in combination with vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) induces the production of new and preserves surviving oligodendrocytes. In accordance with certain embodiments of the disclosure, motor learning, when properly timed, enhances oligodendrogenesis after injury and recruits mature oligodendrocytes to participate in remyelination through the generation of new myelin sheaths. In other aspects of the disclosure, VNS paired with motor learning enhances remyelination following demyelination.

A system for monitoring vital signs, configured to be used in conjunction with a computerized mobile device, the system including: a cover sensor assembly adapted to be operably engaged with the computerized mobile device, the cover sensor assembly having integrated therein at least one physiological sensor; a physiological data acquisition module configured to generate a physiological parameter measurement descriptive of a physical stimulus received by the at least one physiological sensor; and a validation module configured to control a validity status of the physiological parameter measurement.

Presented herein are systems, methods, and devices that provide for stimulation of nerves and/or targets such as mechanoreceptors, tissue regions, mechanoresponsive proteins, and vascular targets through generation and delivery of mechanical vibrational waves. In certain embodiments, the approaches described herein utilize a stimulation device (e.g., a wearable device) for generation and delivery of the mechanical vibrational waves. As described herein, the delivered vibrational waves can be tailored based on particular targets (e.g., nerves, mechanoreceptors, vascular targets, tissue regions) to stimulate and/or to elicited particular desired responses in a subject.

An electrical stimulation system includes at least one electrical stimulation lead, each of the at least one electrical stimulation lead including a plurality of stimulation electrodes; and a processor coupled to the lead and configured to perform actions, including: directing delivery of at least one electrical pulse through at least one of the stimulation electrodes of the at least one electrical stimulation lead to tissue of a patient; and directing discrete or intermittent measurement of an electrical characteristic of the tissue using at least one of the stimulation electrodes of the at least one electrical stimulation lead during, and after, delivery of the at least one electrical pulse to the tissue of the patient.

Disclosed is a neurofeedback device, including a body attached to a user's body and configured to provide electrical stimulation to a vagus nerve region, wherein the body includes: a frame provided in a symmetrical and elliptical shape, wherein one side and another side in a longitudinal direction are concavely recessed toward a center, and attached to a user's neck; a vagus nerve stimulator located on a back surface of the frame, provided to include a plurality of electrodes for providing electrical stimulation to the vagus nerve region, and attached to skin directly above the vagus nerve region located next to carotid artery of the user; a heart rate sensor located at a center of left and right symmetry of the frame on a back surface of the frame and configured to detect heart rates of the user; a manipulator located in front of the frame and configured to receive a user's command; and a plurality of connection ports formed on a side surface of the frame to transmit and receive signals, wherein the plural electrodes of the vagus nerve stimulator are provided one by one on left and right sides in the symmetrical structure of the frame and, when the frame is attached to the user's skin, are disposed perpendicular to a direction of the vagus nerve.

Devices, systems and methods are disclosed for treating a variety of diseases and disorders. A device for treating a disorder in a patient comprises a housing having a contact surface for contacting an outer skin surface of the patient and an energy source within the housing. The energy source is configured to transmit electrical impulses through the outer skin surface of the patient to a selected nerve within the patient. The electrical impulses include bursts of pulses having a burst frequency between 1 Hz and 5000 Hz and a burst duration between 100 microseconds and 20,000 microseconds.

A method of neurostimulation may include delivering an electrical signal to a plurality of electrodes connected to a patient. The electrical signal may include an amplitude and a carrier frequency. The method may include modulating the electrical signal based on an audio waveform. In some embodiments, the modulating may include modulating at least one of the amplitude and the carrier frequency based on the audio waveform to modulate the electrical signal.

Supplying a transcranial alternating current neurostimulation signal to a human brain is shown. A first signal is supplied at a first frequency to said human brain, in combination with a second signal at a second frequency. A third signal at a third frequency is created due to interference between the first signal and the second signal.

A method of transplanting a sleep state of a first subject (donor) to a second subject (recipient) comprising: capturing a sleep state of the first subject represented by brain activity patterns; and transplanting the sleep state of the first subject in the second subject by inducing the brain activity patterns in the second subject.

The disclosure provides systems and methods for neuromodulation using a housing that at least partially contains a stimulator assembly, wherein the stimulator assembly is configured to generate vibration by mechanical oscillation and/or using a sound wave; and wherein the vibration generated by the stimulator assembly is configured to therapeutically treat the subject by stimulating one or more nerves when the housing is placed in proximity to or on a skin surface of a subject.