The devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein generally relate to electrical muscle stimulation, and, in particular, to an enterprise system for muscle stimulation, user feedback for muscle stimulation, and real-time (or near real-time) adjustments for muscle stimulation.

An apparatus, system and method are provided for a wireless electrical stimulation. The apparatus generally includes at least two electrical stimulation units. Each electrical stimulation unit includes electrodes connected to the unit. The apparatus also includes a receiver configured for receiving the one or more control signals from a remote controller for remotely, wirelessly controlling each of the electrical stimulation units to selectively apply a time-varying electric potential to the electrodes to provide an electrical stimulation to tissue in electrical contact with the electrodes. The apparatus generally applies to a foot of a human body.

A wearable cardioverter defibrillator (“WCD”) latching connector system includes a receptacle positioned within a WCD monitor, and a connector configured to removably engage the receptacle.

A method of transplanting a desired emotional state from a donor to a recipient, comprising determining an emotional state of the donor; recording neural correlates of the emotional state of the donor who is in the desired emotional state; analyzing neural correlates of the emotional state of the donor to decode at least one of a temporal and a spatial pattern corresponding to the desirable emotional state; converting said at least one of a temporal and a spatial pattern corresponding to the desirable emotional state into a neurostimulation pattern; storing the neurostimulation pattern in the nonvolatile memory; retrieving the neurostimulation pattern from the nonvolatile memory; stimulating the recipients brain with at least one stimulus modulated with the neurostimulation pattern to induce the desired emotional state in the recipient.

The disclosure relates to a brain stimulation system (102), comprising: a) a computer program product, e.g. a data carrier, preferably a non-transitory data carrier, or a data stream, comprising program code (P1, P1a) which, when loaded and executed on an electronic control unit (108), provides an operation control system, orb) an electronic control unit (108) with a program code (P1, P1a) loaded on the electronic control unit (108), wherein the program code (P1, P1a), when executed on the electronic control unit (108), provides an operation control system (200), wherein the operation control system (200) is configured to control a brain training and/or stimulation session for a brain, and wherein the operation control system (200) comprises a plurality of control system functionalities, the control system functionalities comprising: —a stimulation functionality (202) which is configured to cause the electronic control unit (108) to issue a stimulation command to an electrical brain stimulation device (122) to cause the electrical brain stimulation device (122) to perform an electrical brain stimulation procedure; and—a presentation functionality (204) which is configured to cause the electronic control unit (108) to issue a presentation command in order to present a task to be performed by a user (120) on a user interface (110), wherein preferably the stimulation functionality (202) and the presentation functionality (204) are linked (254 to 262) or linkable to one another.

A method is proposed to induce the sensation of movement in subjects in flight simulators and in cosmonauts, creating a cognitive simulation of movement through the Vestibular Electrical Stimulation. The system consists of a control unit, a function generator and a power amplifier. The device injects electric current over the mastoid process (galvanic vestibular stimulation), capable of activating the neurons of the vestibular system and inducing a movement sensation, in coordination with a flight simulation program or subject's movement in the simulator. The use of the device modifies eye movement control responses, electrically activating the vestibular-ocular, vestibulo-colic and vestibule-spinal reflexes. The main purpose of this device is to provide sensory input to enhance the experience in pilots during flight training or in microgravity.

One example provides a nerve stimulation treatment using electrodes coupled to a user. Examples determine a target charge level and output a series of pulses from the electrodes. For each pulse outputted, examples measure a charge value of the pulse and compare the charge value to the target charge level. If the charge value is greater than the target charge level, examples reduce a strength level of a subsequent outputted pulse. If the charge value is less than the target charge level, examples increase the strength level of a subsequent outputted pulse.

An electrical stimulation apparatus is provided. The electrical stimulation apparatus includes an electrode module receiving current for applying electrical stimulation to a skin of a user from a current providing part, a plurality of monitoring electrodes positioned spaced apart from each other on the electrode module, the current flows from the electrode module to the plurality of monitoring electrodes, and a current monitoring part monitoring the current flowing to each of the plurality of monitoring electrodes.

Described herein are apparatuses (e.g., systems and devices) and methods of delivering nanosecond pulsed electrical fields (nsPEF). In particular, these apparatuses and methods may provide enhanced safety and robust operation over even very short (e.g., nanosecond and sub-nanosecond pulses) and high voltage pulsing; these benefits may be accomplished by multi-functional isolation of various subsystems and components of the apparatus, even including the low-voltage, control and command portions of the apparatus with extremely low capacitance, high voltage isolation.

Electrostimulation systems and methods are contemplated in which a high current level, charge balanced alternating current electrical signal is generated for delivery to the frontal cortex region of a patient's brain. By stimulating this region of the brain with a charged balanced stimulation current with a stimulation current envelope defining one or more series of pulses at particular frequencies and durations designed to evoke metabolic response in the neurons, significant improvements in efficacy and reductions in patient discomfort may be achieved relative to earlier methods of transcranial electrical stimulation, especially those in which result in a resultant rectified direct current component being administered to the patient. Further advantages, especially in promoting neural entrainment, may be realized as well via utilizing multiple series of pulses at different frequencies, and via the dynamic adjustment of the stimulation waveform via incorporation of feedback signals in order to maintain charge balance in real-time.