Described herein are methods and systems for using EEG recordings to improve vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy. In particular, described herein are methods and systems for using EEG recordings to detect P300 and/or activation of the nucleus basalis and/or the locus coeruleus to determine the efficacy of VNS. The EEG recordings can be used to provide feedback control to help optimize stimulation parameters and to screen for patients that respond well to VNS therapy.

Disclosed are methods and systems for treating epilepsy by stimulating a main trunk of a vagus nerve, or a left vagus nerve, when the patient has had no seizure or a seizure that is not characterized by cardiac changes such as an increase in heart rate, and stimulating a cardiac branch of a vagus nerve, or a right vagus nerve, when the patient has had a seizure characterized by cardiac changes such as a heart rate increase.

The present invention provides an implantable neuromodulation system for delivering an electrical signal to a nerve to stimulate, inhibit or block conduction of action potentials in the nerve. The system comprises a neural interface device comprising first and second electrodes; a signal generator and a first closed-loop controller configured to generate a control signal based a property of the signal based on a measured voltage across the first and second electrodes, and cause the signal generator to adjust the electrical signal to modify the property of the signal.

Systems, devices, and methods for using vagus nerve stimulation to treat demyelination disorders and/or disorder of the blood brain barrier are described. The vagus nerve stimulation therapy described herein is configured to reduce or prevent demyelination and/or promote remyelination to treat various disorders related to demyelination, such as multiple sclerosis. A low duty cycle stimulation protocol with a relatively short on-time and a relatively long off-time can be used.

Described herein are methods for treating a subject suffering from or at risk for a condition mediated by an inflammatory cytokine cascade, by electrically or mechanically stimulating vagus nerve activity in an amount sufficient to inhibit the inflammatory cytokine cascade.

We report a method of automatically titrating an electrical therapy administered to a patient by an implanted medical device to a target dosage, comprising programming the medical device with a programmed electrical therapy comprising a first target value for a first therapy parameter; programming at least one titration parameter for automatically adjusting the first therapy parameter from a first value to the first target value over a titration time period initiating the electrical therapy, wherein the first therapy parameter comprises said first value; and automatically titrating the electrical therapy by making a plurality of adjustments to the value of the first therapy parameter, whereby the first electrical therapy parameter is changed from the first value to the first target value according to a titration function. We also report a medical device system configured to implement the method.

Disclosed are methods and systems for treating epilepsy by stimulating a main trunk of a vagus nerve, or a left vagus nerve, when the patient has had no seizure or a seizure that is not characterized by cardiac changes such as an increase in heart rate, and stimulating a cardiac branch of a vagus nerve, or a right vagus nerve, when the patient has had a seizure characterized by cardiac changes such as a heart rate increase.

Systems, apparatus, and methods for treating medication refractory epilepsy are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of treating epilepsy is disclosed comprising detecting, using a first electrode array coupled to a first endovascular carrier, an electrophysiological signal of a subject. The method further comprises analyzing the electrophysiological signal using a neuromodulation unit electrically coupled to the first electrode array and stimulating an intracorporeal target of the subject using a second electrode array coupled to a second endovascular carrier implanted within a part of a bodily vessel superior to a base of the skull of the subject.

A kit-of-parts for initiating an action by an active implantable medical device (AIMD) (1) implanted in a body of a patient triggered by an external triggering unit (11) located outside the body of the patient is provided. The kit-of-parts including, (A) the external triggering unit (11) including an external emitter (12) which includes one or more sources of light (12L) configured for emitting an optical starting signal (10), and (B) the AIMD (1) including an encapsulation unit (1e) defining an inner volume containing an action trigger configured for initiating an action by the AIMD (1), upon reception of the optical starting signal (10) from the external triggering unit (11). The action trigger is an optical action trigger (2) includes one or more photodetectors (2pv) facing a transparent wall portion (1t) and configured for transforming the optical starting signal (10) into an electrical signal to initiate the action by the AIMD.

An arrhythmia treatment device, the device may comprise: a first electrode configured to output a stimulus corresponding to input treatment conditions to electrically stimulate nerves of a user on the basis of the input treatment conditions; a second electrode configured to measure biosignals of the user for a predetermined time interval after the first electrode outputs the stimulus; and a controller configured to check an arrhythmia treatment result of the user on the basis of the biosignals measured for the predetermined time interval, and to control output of the first electrode based on the checked arrhythmia treatment result.