Provided herein is a solution to the problem of stimulation of a target pudendal nerve such that the stimulation applied by the electrode at that position selectively modulates the external urtheral sphincter (EUS), or selectively modulates the external anal sphincter (EAS).

An example method includes receiving one or more physiological signals; detecting an apnea event based on the one or more physiological signals; determining that the apnea event cannot be characterized as one of a normal, OSA (obstructive sleep apnea), CSA (central sleep apnea), or combination OSA/CSA event; and outputting an electrical stimulation as a default based on determining that the apnea event cannot be characterized as a normal event, an OSA event, a CSA event, or combination OSA/CSA events.

Methods and apparatuses for stimulation of the vagus nerve to treat inflammation including adjusting the stimulation based on one or more metric sensitive to patient response. The one or more metrics may include heart rate variability, level of T regulatory cells, particularly memory T regulatory cells, temperature, etc. Stimulation may be provided through an implantable microstimulator.

A neurostimulation system is disclosed for providing treatment to a patient during a therapy session. The neurostimulation system includes a neurostimulator for transmitting magnetic or electrical signals based upon a treatment program. A programmer is connected to the neurostimulator to set a treatment session parameter value to calculate a therapy compliance value. A compliance module is connected to the neurostimulator and the programmer to calculate and store a therapy compliance value. A control module is connected to the compliance module, the programmer and the neurostimulator and determines whether the therapy compliance value is within a range of the treatment program. The neurostimulator transmits electrical or magnetic signals to the patient in a treatment session only if the therapy compliance value meets a compliance criteria.

Techniques for providing therapy to a patient via electrical stimulation are described. The techniques include, for example, determining, relative to a start time of providing the electrical stimulation, one or more efficacy times that correspond to an efficacy indicator, determining, according to the efficacy times, efficacy data items for the patient, comparing the efficacy data items with the efficacy indicator, and generating, based on the comparison, a prediction of an expected response to the therapy manifesting in the patient at a prospective time.

A device for locating target points on a magnetic resonance image of the brain of a subject includes a trained neural network configured to receive as input a 3D MR image of the brain of a subject, and to output the location, on the image, of at least one determined brain target point. The neural network includes a plurality of processing stages. Each processing stage processes an image at a respective resolution, and the processing stage of lowest resolution outputs an estimate of the location of each target point. Each other processing stage is configured to receive, from a lower resolution processing stage, an estimate of the locations of the target points, crop the input image to a smaller region surrounding each estimated target point, determine an updated estimate of the location of each target point, and provide the updated estimation to the processing stage of the next higher resolution.

The present disclosure relates to a neurostimulation system, in particular for Cortical and/or Deep Brain Stimulation, comprising:

at least one implant unit comprising:

at least one first antenna, and

at least one lead having at least one electrode array with at least one electrode; and

at least one wearable device comprising at least one second antenna,

wherein the at least one wearable device is configured to wirelessly control and wirelessly communicate with the at least one implant unit, and wherein the at least one electrode is made of reduced graphene oxide, such as hydrothermally reduced graphene oxide.

A stimulation system includes a device programmed with user-specified routines for operation of a pulse generator, where the user-specified routines are activatable in response to information received from a source external to the pulse generator, The device includes a memory, a communication unit, and at least one processor coupled to the memory and the communication unit and configured to perform actions, including receiving, using the communication unit, information provided from the source external to the pulse generator and external to the patient, when the information meets an activation criterion for a one of the user-specified routines, activating the user-specified routine to deliver or halt delivery of stimulation to the patient according to the user-specified routine, and upon completion of the user-specified routine or meeting a termination condition, halting the user-specified routine.

Modulation of neural signaling of a pancreas-related sympathetic nerve is capable of improving glycaemic control by inhibiting T cell activation or migration to the pancreas, and hence providing a way of treating or preventing type 1 diabetes.

Methods of preventing, treating, and/or controlling a hemorrhage in an organ of a patient include providing electrical stimulation to the arteries, veins, nerves innervating the arteries or veins, or walls of the organ. The apparatus has at least one electrode operably connected to a stimulus generator and placed in electrical communication with an artery, vein, nerve, or organ wall. An electrical stimulus generator causes an electrical stimulus to be administered to the artery, vein, nerve, or wall through the at least one electrode, where the electrical stimulus is effective for preventing, treating, and/or controlling a hemorrhage.