In one embodiment, a method to detect noise levels in electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is described. The method includes connecting to at least three sensing electrodes and obtaining a signal from each of the at least three sensing electrodes. The method also includes defining at least three channels between the at least three electrodes. The method includes calculating a morphological similarity value of at least one combination of the at least three channels based at least in part on the obtained signal from each of the at least three sensing electrodes and determining a noise level based at least in part on the calculated morphological similarity value.

In embodiments, a Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator (WCD) system includes a support structure for the patient to wear, and components that the support structure maintains on the patient's body. The components include a defibrillator, associated electrodes, and so on. The defibrillator can operate in a WCD mode while the patient wears the support structure. The defibrillator can further operate in a different, AED mode, during which time the patient need not wear a portion of the support structure, or even the entire support structure. Sometimes the AED mode is a type of a fully automatic AED mode. Other times the AED mode is a type of a semi-automated AED mode, where an attendant is present to administer the shock; at such times, the patient may not even need to have electrodes attached. This way the patient is more comfortable for a longer time.

An epicardial pacer wire management device can include a spool defining a recessed region that encompasses the spool. The recessed region can receive a portion of a pacer wire. The device can further include a connector attached to the spool, and the connector can be electrically coupled with an exposed tip of the pacer wire. The device can further include an electrical port attached to the spool that can communicate with a pacing control unit. The device may include an electrical communication line electrically coupled between the connector and the electrical port.

Disclosed herein are implantable medical devices and systems, and methods for used therewith, that selectively perform atrial overdrive pacing while an intrinsic atrial rate of a patient is within a specified range. Such a method can involve measuring intervals between a plurality of intrinsic atrial depolarizations that occur during a specified period, and classifying intrinsic atrial activity as stable or unstable based on the measured intervals. In response to classifying the intrinsic atrial activity as stable, atrial overdrive pacing is performed. In response to classifying the intrinsic atrial rate as unstable, atrial overdrive pacing is not performed (i.e., is abstained from being performed). Over time, effectiveness of performing atrial overdrive pacing using various different atrial interval shorting deltas are recorded in a log and updated, and the log is used to determine a preferred rate at which to perform atrial overdrive pacing for various different measured intervals.

Systems and methods for cardiac pacing during a procedure are disclosed and may include an external pulse generator (EPG) for connecting to a lead. A remote-control module (RCM) wirelessly connected to the EPG may include user inputs to control the EPG. A central processing unit (CPU) with a memory unit for storing code and a processor for executing the code may be included where the CPU is connected to the EPG and RCM. The code may control the EPG in response to user input from the RCM. The CPU may be disposed in the EPG or the RCM, or an interface module (IM) configured to communicate between an otherwise conventional EPG and the RCM. The executable code may perform a continuity test (CT) routine, a capture check (CC) routine, rapid pacing (RP) routine, and/or a back-up pacing (BP) routine, in response to user input from the RCM.

A patient-worn arrhythmia monitoring and treatment device weight between 250 grams and 2,500 grams includes at least one contoured pad configured to be adhesively coupled to a patient's torso, a plurality of therapy electrodes, at least one of which is integrated with the at least one contoured pad, and a plurality of ECG sensing electrodes, at least one of which is integrated with the at least one contoured pad. At least one housing configured to form a watertight seal with the at least one contoured pad extends no more than 5 cm from the contoured pad. A processor disposed within the housing is coupled to a therapy delivery circuit and configured to detect one or more treatable arrhythmias based on at least one ECG signal and cause a therapy delivery circuit to deliver at least one defibrillation pulse on detecting the one or more treatable arrhythmias.

A system (10) can localize an object in a patient's body. The system (10) can include a pulse generator (18 or 30) configured to provide a localization signal to at least one electrode that is fixed to the object in the patient's body. A sensor array (22) can be configured to detect an electrical field produced in response to the localization signal and provide respective sensor signals. A map generator (42) can be configured to reconstruct electrical signals based on the respective sensor signals and geometry data representing a geometric relationship between patient anatomy and the sensor array. A location calculator (50) can determine a location where the localization signal was applied based on the reconstructed electrical signals.

An electrode for long term wear includes a conductive mesh configured to disperse a therapeutic current across a surface area of the electrode, and a conductive adhesive material configured to conduct the therapeutic current from the conductive mesh in a direction substantially orthogonal to the surface area of the electrode. The conductive adhesive material is configured to be semi-conductive in a direction substantially lateral to the surface area of the electrode. The conductive adhesive material includes at least one of microscopic or nano-scale conductive particles or fibers of materials.

An interferential current system for cardiac treatment of a patient, includes a controller, a stimulation power supply and a plurality of electrodes. The electrodes supply transcutaneous electrical impulses when supplied power by the stimulation power supply, the plurality of electrodes including at least two electrodes supplying transcutaneous electrical impulses at two different frequencies, the transcutaneous electrical impulses provided at two different frequencies giving rise to at least one beat impulse having an interference frequency. At least one sensor in communication with the controller provides data to the controller indicative of various cardiac pathologic conditions, including but not limited to, rhythm abnormalities, muscle wall contraction abnormalities, and ischemic heart disease abnormalities of the patient. At least one of a timing and an intensity of the transcutaneous electrical impulses is varied by the controller based at least in part upon the data indicative of the aforementioned cardiac pathologies of the patient.

An electrical connector includes a plug that mates with a receptacle. In a medical application, the plug is connected to electrical leads that pass through a patient's skin to an implanted medical device in the patient's body, while the receptacle is connected to external medical equipment. The plug is small in diameter so the size of the opening in the patient's skin can be minimized. All electrical contacts in the plug are on internal portions. The receptacle includes annular contacts that contact the internal electrical contacts on the plug when the plug and receptacle are properly mated. When the plug is plugged into the receptacle, spring-loaded retention arms in the receptacle lock into place on the plug, retaining the plug in the receptacle.