In some examples, a computing apparatus may determine information corresponding to a data structure and indicating delays associated with an atrium lead, a left ventricle (LV) lead, and a right ventricle (RV) lead based on one or more input variables. The computing apparatus may determine a plurality of individualized characteristics based on the information corresponding to the data structure. The computing apparatus may receive, from the plurality of measurement electrodes, a plurality of second sets of electrical measurements indicating second electrical signals applied to the patient's heart based on the plurality of individualized characteristics. The computing apparatus may determine cardiac resynchronization index (CRI) values using a first set of electrical measurements (e.g., native measurements) and the plurality of second sets of electrical measurements. The computing apparatus may generate a graphical representation based on a populated data structure and cause display of the graphical representation.

A medical device is configured to determine a rate smoothing pacing interval based on at a ventricular cycle length ending with a ventricular pacing pulse and determine a post-sense ventricular pacing interval based on a ventricular cycle length ending with a sensed ventricular event signal. The medical device may be configured to start a ventricular pacing interval set to the post-sense ventricular pacing interval in response to the sensed ventricular event signal and generate a ventricular pacing pulse in response to the expiration of the post-sense ventricular pacing interval.

The present invention relates to surgical or laparoscopic method of creating and maintaining an opening in the thoracic diaphragm of a patient. In said method, an incision in the thoracic diaphragm is created, thereby creating an opening in the thoracic diaphragm. Further a diaphragm passing part is placed in said opening created in the thoracic diaphragm, passing from the abdomen, through the thoracic diaphragm at the pericardial contacting section, into the pericardium; When placing the diaphragm passing part a force transferring part of the diaphragm passing part is placed in contact with the thoracic diaphragm, the force transferring part being adapted to, by motion of the force transferring part, transfer force between the abdominal side of the thoracic diaphragm and the thoracic side of the thoracic diaphragm or the pericardium while sliding against the thoracic diaphragm.

The present invention relates to surgical or laparoscopic method of creating and maintaining an opening in the thoracic diaphragm of a patient. In said method, an incision in the thoracic diaphragm is created, thereby creating an opening in the thoracic diaphragm. Further a diaphragm passing part is placed in said opening created in the thoracic diaphragm, passing from the abdomen, through the thoracic diaphragm at the pericardial contacting section, into the pericardium; When placing the diaphragm passing part a force transferring part of the diaphragm passing part is placed in contact with the thoracic diaphragm, the force transferring part being adapted to, by motion of the force transferring part, transfer force between the abdominal side of the thoracic diaphragm and the thoracic side of the thoracic diaphragm or the pericardium while sliding against the thoracic diaphragm.

A method and apparatus for treatment of hypertension and heart failure by increasing vagal tone and secretion of endogenous atrial hormones by excitory pacing of the heart atria. Atrial pacing is done during the ventricular refractory period resulting in atrial contraction against closed AV valves, and atrial contraction rate that is higher than the ventricular contraction rate. Pacing results in the increased atrial wall stress. An implantable device is used to monitor ECG and pace the atria in a nonphysiologic manner.

This document discusses, among other things, systems and methods to generate a first pacing waveform during a first pacing period and a second pacing waveform during a second pacing period, to alternate first and second pacing periods to provide pacing-based hypertension therapy to a heart of a patient to reduce patient blood pressure, to receive information indicative of patient metabolic demand, and to determine an adjusted pacing-based hypertension therapy parameter using the received information indicative of patient metabolic demand, wherein the first pacing waveform has a first atrioventricular (AV) delay and the second pacing waveform has a second AV delay longer than the first AV delay.

A controller implantable within the body of a patient as part of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) system and a method therefore are provided. According to one aspect, the controller includes processing circuitry configured to receive inputs from at least one of: at least one internal component of the LVAD system, at least one external component of the LVAD system, and at least one clinician's device, and determine a charging rate for charging a battery of the LVAD system internal to the patient based on at least one of the received inputs.

Systems and methods for treating a medical condition such as worsening heart failure (WHF) are described. A medical system may sense one or more physiological signals, and generate from the sensed physiological signals a signal metric trend indicating a progression of heart failure. A detector may detect a physiological event leading to WHF. A therapy control circuit may generate a therapy titration protocol using the generated signal metric trend. The therapy titration protocol includes a temporal profile of therapy dosage relative to a target dosage. The therapy control circuit may adjust the target dosage based on patient response. Therapies may be administered by a clinician or automatically delivered to the patient according to the therapy titration protocol.

Systems and methods for monitoring physiologic response to Valsalva maneuver (VM) are disclosed. An exemplary patient monitor may detect a natural incidence of a VM session occurred in an ambulatory setting using a heart sound (HS) signal sensed from the patient. The patient monitor may include a physiologic response analyzer to sense patient physiologic response during the detected VM session, and generate a cardiovascular or autonomic function indicator based on the sensed physiologic response to the VM. Using the physiologic response to the VM, the system may detect a target physiologic event using the sensed physiologic response to the VM.

An intracardiac ventricular pacemaker includes a pulse generator for delivering ventricular pacing pulses, an impedance sensing circuit, and a control circuit in communication with the pulse generator and the impedance sensing circuit. The pacemaker is configured to produce an intraventricular impedance signal, detect an atrial systolic event using the intraventricular impedance signal, set an atrioventricular pacing interval in response to detecting the atrial systolic event, and deliver a ventricular pacing pulse in response to the atrioventricular pacing interval expiring.