The invention relates to an extract of Ashwagandha that exhibit enhanced bioactivity and bioavailability comprising of enriched withanolide glycosides and saponins; with negligible amount of alkaloids, withanolide aglycones and oligosaccharides. The extract as disclosed prepared from root, stems, leaves and whole plant of Ashwagandha further shows improved immunomodulatory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anti stress activity, antidiabetic activity and sleep quality. The disclosure also provides a method of improving bioactivity of withanolide glycosides even at lower doses, by the administration of an enteric coated formulation of extract of Ashwagandha to humans. The enteric coating protects the composition from hydrolysis in the acidic environment of the stomach to release the withanolide glycoside in neutral/ alkaline pH in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) thus enhancing the absorption. Further the process of preparation of the extract of Ashwagandha enriched with withanolide glycosides and saponins are disclosed along with various formulations.

In a delayed release formulation comprising a core containing a drug and a delayed release coating for providing intestinal release, release of the drug in the colon is accelerated by including an isolation layer between the core and the delayed release coating. The delayed release coating comprises an inner layer and an outer layer. The outer layer comprises a pH dependently soluble polymeric material which has a pH threshold at about pH 5 or above. The inner layer comprises a soluble polymeric material which is soluble in intestinal fluid or gastrointestinal fluid, said soluble polymeric material being selected from the group consisting of a polycarboxylic acid polymer that is at least partially neutralised, and a non-ionic polymer, provided that, where said soluble polymeric material is a non-ionic polymer, said inner layer comprises at least one additive selected from a buffer agent and a base.

Oral pharmaceutical compositions containing rifamycin SV, or a pharmaceutically salt thereof, characterized in that they are formulated in a higher strength (about 600 mg/tablet) and in such a manner to obtain a modified profile of the rifamycin SV, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the proximal portion of the intestine, i.e. in the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum). In one embodiment, the disclosed oral pharmaceutical compositions are used in the prevention and/or treatment in a subject of small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and/or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and/or in the treatment of cholera. In one embodiment, the disclosed oral pharmaceutical compositions are used in the prevention and/or treatment in a subject of hepatic encephalopathy, hepatic cirrhosis, pouchitis and/or spontaneous bacterial perotinitis. In one embodiment, the disclosed oral pharmaceutical compositions are used in the prevention and/or treatment in a subject of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

A pharmaceutical composition for modified release comprising (R)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-4′-[2-[(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino]ethyl]acetic acid anilide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a carrier for a sustained release pharmaceutical composition, wherein a maximum blood drug concentration (Cmax) when administered in a fasted state is 400 ng/mL or less, is disclosed.

A dosage form contains a biologically active ingredient for treating or preventing a disease in the animal or human body, where the treatment or prevention requires release of 50% or more of the biologically active ingredient in the small intestine within the pH range from 3 to 5.5. The dosage form contains: a) a core, containing the biologically active ingredient; b) an intermediate coating layer (ICL) onto or above the core, containing an alkaline agent; and c) an enteric coating layer (ECL) onto or above the intermediate coating layer, containing an enteric polymer. The relation of the alkaline agent to the enteric polymer is 5 to 95% when calculated by the formula:

[00001]$\frac{\mathrm{quantity}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{alkaline}\mathrm{agent}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{grams}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{the}ICL\times 100}{\begin{array}{c}(\mathrm{quantity}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{alkaline}\mathrm{agent}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{grams}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{the}ICL+\\ \mathrm{quantity}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{enteric}\mathrm{polymer}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{grams}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{the}ECL)\end{array}}.$

Provided herein are methods and compositions related to Prevotella bacteria for the reduction of IL-8, IL-6, IL-Iβ, and/C or TNFα expression and/or for the treatment of viral infections.

The present invention relates to a composition which comprises a mixture which comprises or, alternatively, consists of an extract (a) of a fruit of at least one plant of the genus Vaccinium and at least one ingredient (b) acceptable for pharmaceutical or food use and the use thereof in the prevention and/or treatment of diverticular disease or of a pathology deriving therefrom or correlated thereto.

There is provided an alkali metal salt of 4-chloro-N-[2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-3-oxo-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]benzamide and formulations thereof. This salt finds particular utility in the treatment or prevention of a disorder or condition ameliorated by the activation of AMPK.

The present disclosure provides veterinary formulations comprising rapamycin or rapalogs for administration to companion animals and methods of using the formulations to treat cardiac dysfunction, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, mitral valve disease, pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy, cancer, effects of aging, inflammatory disease, and viral infection.

A chidamide pharmaceutical composition, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The pharmaceutical composition comprises chidamide and a pharmaceutically acceptable enteric excipient that severe as a carrier. In the pharmaceutical composition, chidamide is used as a guest molecule, and the pharmaceutically acceptable enteric excipient is used as a carrier molecule. Oral pharmacokinetic testing on animal proves that the bioavailability of the composition comprising chidamide and the pharmaceutically acceptable enteric excipient is greatly improved, while adverse reactions caused by the drug in the gastrointestinal tract are reduced; in addition, the dosage may be reduced while maintaining the curative effect, thus having more important clinical significance than commercially available chidamide tablets.