A brain stimulation device includes a housing having at least one area attached to a body of a user, and including an accommodation space having an article accommodated therein, a battery arranged inside the housing, an output unit configured to apply a current to the body of the user on the basis of power supplied from the battery, and a processor electrically connected to the battery and the output unit, wherein the processor is configured to detect a type of the article accommodated in the accommodation space, and on the basis of the detected type of the article, apply a current to the body of the user via the output unit so that brain stimulation is applied to the user.

A method of neurostimulation includes delivering an electrical signal to a plurality of electrodes (215A, 215B) connected to a patient. The electrical signal is characterized by an amplitude and a carrier frequency. The method includes modulating an electrical signal based on an audio waveform. In some cases, the modulation may include modulating at least one of an amplitude and a carrier frequency based on the audio waveform. A neurostimulation device (200) comprising first and second electrodes is also disclosed.

A wearable device for providing a smoking effect includes a housing, a first stimulus unit provided on a surface of the housing and including at least one electrode that is disposed on a position corresponding to a first region of a user and configured to provide electrical stimulation, a second stimulus unit provided on the surface of the housing and including at least one electrode that is disposed on a position corresponding to a second region of the user and configured to provide electrical stimulation, and a controller configured to control the first stimulus unit or the second stimulus unit, wherein the first stimulus unit or the second stimulus unit is configured to provide an electrical stimulus signal that induces an alertness state capable of implementing a smoking effect.

A method of neurostimulation may include delivering an electrical signal to a plurality of electrodes connected to a patient. The electrical signal may include a plurality of spaced-apart packets of electrical pulses. The method may include modulating at least one of a quantity of the plurality of electrical pulses within ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses, a width in time of the plurality of electrical pulses within ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses, an amplitude in voltage of the plurality of electrical pulses within ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses, a separation in time between adjacent ones of the plurality of electrical pulses within ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses, and a separation in time between adjacent ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses to modulate the electrical signal.

A method of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) may include delivering an electrical signal via transdermal electrical stimulation using a plurality of electrodes connected to a patient. The electrical signal may include an amplitude and a carrier frequency. The method may include modulating at least one of the amplitude and the carrier frequency based on a modulation waveform to modulate the electrical signal, the modulation waveform may include a modulation frequency that is less than the carrier frequency.

A method of neurostimulation may include delivering a modulated electrical signal to a patient through galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) and delivering a time varying thermal waveform to the patient through caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) simultaneous with the delivery of the modulated electrical signal through GVS.

A method of neurostimulation may include delivering an electrical signal to a plurality of electrodes connected to a patient. The electrical signal may include a plurality of spaced-apart packets of electrical pulses. The method may include modulating at least one of a quantity of the plurality of electrical pulses within ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses, a width in time of the plurality of electrical pulses within ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses, an amplitude in voltage of the plurality of electrical pulses within ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses, a separation in time between adjacent ones of the plurality of electrical pulses within ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses, and a separation in time between adjacent ones of the plurality of packets of electrical pulses to modulate the electrical signal.

Disclosed is an electrical stimulation device. The electrical stimulation device includes at least one electrode unit that contacts the head of a user to apply a current to the head of the user, and a current providing module that provides a current to the at least one electrode unit, wherein the current providing module includes a plurality of pads disposed on a path for providing the current to the at least one electrode unit to be spaced apart from each other, and wherein the current providing module provides the current to the at least one electrode unit if the plurality of pads are connected to each other by a conductive material.

An access control unit having a novel structure and arrangement, including a first layer comprising an electrostimulation contact interface, a second layer including a biometric sensor coupled to the electrostimulation contact interface, and a third layer including a microprocessor unit in communication with the electrostimulation contact interface. The second layer is sandwiched between the first layer and the third layer. The electrostimulation contact interface comprises one or more anode/cathode arrays configured to deliver neurostimulative excitations to the electrostimulation contact interface to elicit behavior modification.

A facial wearable device for providing external stimuli to a user comprises a foldable frame, a flexible layer, an airbag layer, a plurality of heating pads, a plurality of vibrating motors, and a sensor. The flexible layer may couple to a proximal side of the foldable frame and be configured to couple to a facial area of the user. The airbag layer may be disposed between the foldable frame and the flexible layer and comprise a plurality of inflatable bladders configured to provide pressure to the facial area of the user. The plurality of heating pads may couple to the flexible layer and be configured to provide heat to the facial area of the user. The plurality of vibrating motors may couple to the flexible layer and be configured to provide vibration to the facial area of the user. The sensor may couple to the flexible layer and be configured to detect biometric data of the user. At least one of the plurality of inflatable bladders, the plurality of heating pads, and the plurality of vibrating motors may be controlled based on the biometric data.