An intraoral stimulation device configured to be positioned in a mouth of a patient. The device includes a sensor and one or more electrodes. The sensor is configured to monitor a position of the tongue and/or force exerted by the tongue against the sensor and to transmit a signal encoding tongue information. The electrode(s) is/are configured to deliver electrical stimuli to the patient's hard palate when the tongue information indicates that the tongue has moved from a desired position to an undesired position in the mouth. The electrical stimuli causes the tongue to move from the undesired position to the desired position.

Devices, methods and systems for transmitting signals through a device located in a blood vessel of an animal for stimulating and/or sensing activity of media proximal to the devices. The media can include tissue and/or fluid. A method of controlling an apparatus in communication with a brain machine interface. The method can include measuring a first neural activity in a first neural area and measuring a second neural activity in a second neural area. The first neural activity can be associated with a first intent. The method can include creating and delivering, via the processor, one or more first control signals to the apparatus upon comparing the second neural activity with the first neural activity, and confirming, based on this comparison, that the second neural activity is associated with the first intent.

Devices, methods and systems for transmitting signals through a device located in a blood vessel of an animal for stimulating and/or sensing activity of media proximal to the devices. The media can include tissue and/or fluid. A method of controlling an apparatus in communication with a brain machine interface. The method can include measuring a first neural activity in a first neural area and measuring a second neural activity in a second neural area. The first neural activity can be associated with a first intent. The method can include creating and delivering, via the processor, one or more first control signals to the apparatus upon comparing the second neural activity with the first neural activity, and confirming, based on this comparison, that the second neural activity is associated with the first intent.

A medical device system and method are disclosed for treating obstructive sleep apnea. The system includes a pulse generator and a medical electrical lead including multiple electrodes carried by a distal portion of an elongated lead body. The method includes advancing the distal portion within protrusor muscle tissue below the oral cavity and delivering electrical stimulation pulses via the electrodes to sustain a protruded state throughout a delivery time period to sustain a protruded state of a patient's tongue throughout the therapy delivery time period. The therapy delivery time period may span multiple respiration cycles.

A neuromodulation system is provided herein. The system can include a neuromodulation device, an electronics package, which can be part of the neuromodulation device; an external controller; a sensor; and a computing device. The neuromodulation device can include a neuromodulation lead having a lead body configured to be bent to a desired shape and to maintain that shape in order to position the electrodes relative to neural and/or muscular structures when fully deployed. The neuromodulation device can also include an antenna including an upper and a lower coil electrically connected to each other in parallel. The computing device can execute a closed-loop algorithm based on physiological sensed data relating to sleep.

An intra-oral appliance to power and/or communicate with a neurostimulator is provided. The intra-oral appliance can include a teeth covering configured to fit over mandibular incisor, canine and/or premolar teeth of a human being and a remote controller in the form of a housing extending posteriorly from and operably connected to the teeth covering. The housing can include a power source, a coupling coil configured to transmit power to the neurostimulator and configured to receive power from an external charger, and electrical circuitry operably connected to the coupling coil and the power source.

Simulation electrode assemblies for applying bilateral stimulation, for example stimulating both the left and right hypoglossal nerves of a patient in the treatment of sleep disordered breathing. In some methods, a stimulation electrode assembly is inserted through an incision at a side of the patient and implanted at a location extending across the patient's mid-line.

Neural stimulation is provided according to a closed loop algorithm to treat sleep disordered breathing (SDB), including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The closed loop algorithm is executed by a system comprising a processor (which can be within the neural stimulator). The closed loop algorithm includes monitoring physiological data (e.g., EMG data) recorded by a sensor implanted adjacent to an anterior lingual muscle; identifying a trigger within the physiological data, wherein the trigger is identified as a biomarker for a condition related to sleep (e.g., inspiration); and applying a rule-based classification (which can learn) to the trigger to determine whether one or more parameters of a stimulation should be altered based on the biomarker.

The present disclosure relates to a method for modulating the nervous system in order to reduce inflammation. The method includes delivering a vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy to a vagus nerve of a patient for the treatment of inflammation according to a first set of parameters. The method further includes delivering a secondary nerve stimulation (SNS) therapy to a secondary nerve of the patient for the treatment of a sleep disorder according to a second set of parameters different from the first set of parameters.

Techniques to help improve efficiency or effectiveness of treating a disorder such as RLS or PLMD, such as by issuing neural electrostimulations to a particular patient, while varying one or more amplitude parameters (e.g., at least one of electrostimulation current amplitude, electrostimulation voltage amplitude, or electrostimulation pulsewidth duration). A corresponding patient-subjective or patient-objective response can be observed. A characteristic electrostimulation intensity relationship can be generated, for example, based on the determined respective at least one of RLS or PLMD response indication threshold amplitude parameters and the plurality of corresponding neural electrostimulation durations. Once this characteristic electrostimulation intensity relationship has been generated, it can then be used to control issuing subsequent neural electrostimulations to the particular patient according to (1) at least one goal and (2) a variable operating point based upon the generated characteristic electrostimulation intensity relationship.