Provided are methods and systems of for enhancing or increasing memory performance and/or memory retrieval in a subject using neurofeedback training. Also provided herein are methods and systems for modulating hippocampal replay in a subject using neurofeedback training. Also provided herein are methods and systems for modulating sharp wave ripple (SWR) activity in a subject using neurofeedback training

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for providing neurostimulation therapy using multi-dimensional patient features. The multi-dimensional patient features may include features in respective frequency bands for selected cortical sites from EEG localization data. Additionally or alternatively, the multi-dimensional patient features may include features from patient physiological data or other patient activity data. The multi-dimensional feature data may be compared against AI/ML models of patient and/or healthy population members. Closed-loop therapy adjustments may be applied to a respective patient’s neurostimulation therapy using the multi-dimensional patient feature analysis.

A computer brain interface (CBI) device of an individual is self-calibrated. A neurostimulation test signal is generated based on a selected set of test signal parameters. The neurostimulation signal is applied to the afferent sensory nerve fibers to elicit a bioelectric response via a neurostimulation interface operably connected to or integrated with the CBI device. The neurostimulation interface senses the bioelectric responses of the stimulated afferent sensory nerve fibers. The CBI devices determines, based on the sensed bioelectric responses, whether an excitation behavior of the stimulated afferent sensory nerve fibers with respect to the neurostimulation interface has changed. When the excitation behavior has changed, a set of recalibrated neurostimulation signal parameters is determined based on the sensed bioelectric responses. The CBI device is operated using the recalibrated neurostimulation signal parameters to communicate information to the individual via neurostimulation of the afferent sensory nerve fibers.

An example method includes obtaining an image of a lead implanted in a patient, the lead including one or more electrodes positioned along a longitudinal axis of the lead and a plurality of orientation markers; determining, in the image, respective locations of the electrodes and respective locations of the orientation markers; obtaining a template model corresponding to the lead; determining a transform between the determined locations of the one or more electrodes and the plurality of orientation markers and locations of corresponding electrodes and orientation markers in the template model; and determining the rotational orientation of the lead based on the transform.

A computer brain interface (CBI) device of an individual applies a burst sequence of stimulation pulses to afferent sensory nerve fibers to elicit a bioelectric response via a neurostimulation interface operably connected to or integrated with the CBI device. The neurostimulation interface senses the bioelectric responses of the stimulated afferent sensory nerve fibers. The CBI device derives, based on the sensed bioelectric responses, a neural excitability profile characterizing a non-linear, dynamic excitation behavior of the afferent sensory neurons corresponding to the applied sequence of stimulation pulses. At least one stimulation parameter of the current set of stimulation parameters is adjusted based on the derived excitability profile to obtain an updated set of stimulation parameters.

Methods and apparatuses for monitoring and regulating physiological states and functions are disclosed. Several embodiments include application of one or more microelectrode arrays to a dorsal root ganglion for measurement of sensory neuron activity, or stimulation of sensory reflex circuits. The methods and apparatuses can be used, for example, for monitoring or controlling bladder function in a patient.

A method of providing electrical stimulation therapy to a patient according to one embodiment includes generating an un-tuned electrical noise signal by at least one noise generator, partitioning the un-tuned electrical noise signal into a plurality of discrete frequency bands having corresponding bandwidths, delivering the un-tuned electrical noise signal through one or more electrodes to the patient to target the patient's central or peripheral nervous system, adjusting, for each of a plurality of selected frequency bands, an amplitude of the voltage or current of the un-tuned electrical noise signal within a corresponding frequency band to generate an adjusted electrical stimulation signal based on feedback received from the patient, wherein the adjusted electrical stimulation signal includes a plurality of local maxima and a plurality of local minima, and delivering the adjusted electrical stimulation signal through the electrodes to provide electrical stimulation therapy to the patient.

Differential charge-balancing can be used in high-frequency neural stimulation. For example, a neural stimulation apparatus can have first and second electrodes configured to be coupled proximate to a nerve fiber to implement a neural stimulation procedure. A neural stimulation circuit can be electrically coupled to the first and second electrodes. The neural stimulation circuit can apply stimulation currents to the nerve fiber through the first and second electrodes during a first stimulation phase of the neural stimulation procedure. The neural stimulation circuit can also apply a modified stimulation current to the nerve fiber through the first electrode during a second stimulation phase of the neural stimulation procedure. The modified stimulation current can be generated based on a difference between (i) a voltage at the first electrode, and (ii) a reference voltage derived from voltages on the first and second electrodes.

A method for providing electrical stimulation to a user as a user performs a set of tasks during a time window, the method comprising: providing an electrical stimulation treatment, characterized by a stimulation parameter and a set of portions, to a brain region of the user in association with the time window; for each task of the set of tasks: receiving a signal stream characterizing a neurological state of the user; from the signal stream, identifying a neurological signature characterizing the neurological state associated with the task; and modulating the electrical stimulation treatment provided to the brain region of the user based upon the neurological signature, wherein modulating comprises delivering a portion of the set of portions of the electrical stimulation treatment to the brain region of the user, while maintaining an aggregate amount of the stimulation parameter of the treatment provided during the time window below a maximum limit.

A system including a power source, one or more stimulating devices for stimulating the visual cortex of a user to present a perceived virtual image responsive to the stimulating, one or more sensing devices for sensing electrical signals in the motor and/or pre-motor cortex of the user and a processor/controller connected to the stimulating and sensing devices and programmed to sense signals from the motor and/or pre-motor cortex of the user. The sensed signals result from the user performing a movement and/or intending to perform a movement and/or imagining the performing of a movement and are used to interact with the presented virtual image. The processor/controller processes the sensed signals to obtain computed data indicative of a user's interaction with the virtual image, and performs a general computing task responsive to the computed data.