A system for stimulating body tissue may include a stimulation lead, sensors, and a control unit. The stimulation lead may include one or more energy sources. The control unit may include a processor and non-transitory computer readable medium, and an interface (e.g., touch screen interface) for receiving user inputs and communicating information to the user. The sensors may be configured to provide impedance measurements to the control unit. The control unit may calculate lung gas distributions and/or generate an image modeling lung gas distributions. Stimulation delivered by the stimulation may be adjusted based on the impedance measurements.

The present application relates to a new stimulation design which can be utilized to treat neurological conditions. The stimulation system produces a burst mode stimulation which alters the neuronal activity of the predetermined site, thereby treating the neurological condition or disorder. The burst stimulus comprises a plurality of groups of spike pulses having a maximum inter-spike interval of 100 milliseconds. The burst stimulus is separated by a substantially quiescent period of time between the plurality of groups of spike pulses. This inter-group interval may comprise a minimum of 5 seconds.

Devices and methods for improving the coupling between the soft palate and the genioglossus. This may be accomplished, for example, but shortening or stiffening the palatoglossal arch. Improved coupling between the soft palate and the genioglossus may be beneficial to a patient suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as a stand-alone procedure, or in combination procedures and devices that cause anterior displacement of the tongue such as hypoglossal nerve stimulation, genioglossus advancement surgery, mandibular advancement surgery, mandibular advancement (oral) appliances, etc.

Electrical stimulation of neural activity in the neural innervation of the spleen that is associated with neurovascular bundles provides a useful way to treat acute medical conditions, such as trauma, hemorrhaging, shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), severe respiratory distress syndrome (SARS), and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).

A system for aiding a user includes a stimulator, a sensor, a memory, and a control system. The stimulator is configured to be positioned in the user adjacent to an airway of the user. The sensor is configured to generate data associated with the airway of the user. The memory stores machine-readable instructions. The control system includes one or more processors configured to execute the machine-readable instructions to determine, based at least on an analysis of the generated data, that the user is currently experiencing an apnea event. In response to the determination that the user is currently experiencing an apnea event, the control system causes the stimulator to provide electrical stimulation, at a first intensity level, to one or more muscles of the user that are adjacent to the airway to aid in stopping the apnea event.

This document provides methods and materials for modulating afferent nerve signals to treat medical conditions such as CHF, CHF respiration, dyspnea, peripheral vascular disease (e.g., peripheral arterial disease or venous insufficiency), hypertension (e.g., age-associated hypertension, resistant hypertension, or chronic refractory hypertension), COPD, sleep apnea, and chronic forms of lung disease where muscle dysfunction is a part of the disease pathophysiology. For example, methods and materials involved in using electrical and/or chemical techniques to block or reduce afferent nerve signals (e.g., nerve signals of group III and/or IV afferents coming from skeletal muscle and/or the kidneys) are provided.

An apparatus comprises a communication channel comprising a plurality of disparate sequential communication links configured to facilitate bi-direction communication between an implantable medical device (IMD) and a programmer. A transceiver is configured to communicate with the programmer via a first communication link of the plurality of disparate communication links. A telemetry device is configured to communicate with the IMD via a second communication link of the plurality of disparate communication links. A third communication link communicatively couples the transceiver and the telemetry device. A power source is coupled to the transceiver and to the telemetry apparatus. An operational status of at least the first and second communication links can be individually determined in real-time.

A percutaneous electrical phrenic nerve stimulation (PEPNS) system that measures the patient Work of Breathing (WOB) of each type of ventilator breath and determines when to deliver electrical stimulus based upon the measured WOB. The PEPNS system alters its behavior based upon the type and origin of the ventilator breath delivered and provides warnings for certain identified interactions between the ventilator and the patient.

Generally discussed herein are systems, devices, and methods for providing a therapy (e.g., stimulation) and/or data signal using an implantable device. Systems, devices and methods for interacting with (e.g., communicating with, receiving power from) an external device are also provided.

A system for treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is described. The system may include a locking device having a size and shape selected to couple to skin along a jaw of a patient. The locking device may be configured to receive at least one of a needle or an introducer for insertion into a tongue of the patient for lead placement of a lead for OSA treatment, and lock at least a portion of the at least one of the needle or introducer in place to reduce movement of the needle or introducer within the tongue.