A system may include electrodes on at least one lead configured to be operationally positioned for use in modulating a volume of neural tissue, a neural modulation generator configured to deliver energy using at least some electrodes to modulate the volume of neural tissue, a programming system configured to program the programmed modulation parameter set, including determine electrode fractionalizations for the electrodes based on a target multipole. The programmed parameter set may include the determined electrode fractionalizations. The target multipole may be used to determine electrode fractionalizations having at least three target poles that directionally and progressively stack fractionalizations of target poles to provide a linear electric field over the volume of tissue. The neural modulation generator may be configured to use the programmed modulation parameter set to provide the linear electric field over the volume of tissue.

Techniques are described for magnetic field detection using a plurality of Hall sensors and chopper-amplifier circuit. Determination that a magnetic field is present from measurement from one of the Hall sensors may trigger confirmation or confirmation and reconfirmation of the presence of the magnetic field from measurements from one or more of the other Hall sensors.

The subject matter of the present disclosure generally relates to techniques for following a treatment protocol having one or more treatment parameters to cause a targeted physiological outcome at a distal site, assessing an expression level of a gene in a region of interest after completing the treatment protocol, and modifying the one or more treatment parameters based on the expression level of the gene. The treatment protocol may include one or more ultrasound energy treatments to the region of interest.

Electrical stimulation of neural activity in the neural innervation of the spleen that is associated with neurovascular bundles provides a useful way to treat acute medical conditions, such as trauma, hemorrhaging, shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), severe respiratory distress syndrome (SARS), and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).

A method of treating an ailment suffered by a patient using one or more electrodes adjacent spinal column tissue of the patient, comprises delivering electrical modulation energy from the one or more electrodes to the spinal column tissue in accordance with a continuous bi-phasic waveform having a positive phase and a negative phase, thereby modulating the spinal column tissue to treat the ailment. An implantable electrical modulation system, comprises one or more electrical terminals configured for being coupled to one or more modulation leads, output modulation circuitry capable of outputting electrical modulation energy to the electrical terminal(s) in accordance with a continuous bi-phasic waveform, and control circuitry configured for modifying a shape of the continuous bi-phasic waveform, thereby changing the characteristics of the electrical modulation energy outputted to the electrode(s).

Systems, apparatus, and methods for treating medication refractory epilepsy are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of treating epilepsy is disclosed comprising detecting, using a first electrode array coupled to a first endovascular carrier, an electrophysiological signal of a subject. The method further comprises analyzing the electrophysiological signal using a neuromodulation unit electrically coupled to the first electrode array and stimulating an intracorporeal target of the subject using a second electrode array coupled to a second endovascular carrier implanted within a part of a bodily vessel superior to a base of the skull of the subject.

Embodiments may provide techniques that may provide the capability to provide self-guided, self-directed diagnostics and treatment of neural conditions. For example, in an embodiment, a system may comprise program instructions and data stored in the memory to configure the processor to control the stimulation devices to generate and transmit stimulation signals, a plurality of sensing devices connected to signal input circuitry interfacing the processor with the sensing devices, program instructions and data stored in the memory to configure the processor to receive sensed signals from the sensing devices, and program instructions and data stored in the memory to configure the processor to perform dynamic closed loop feedback of the stimulation signals based on the received sensed signals to provide self-guided, self-directed diagnostics and treatment of neural conditions using at least one recipe for a treatment strategy guided by artificial intelligence.

A method for treating nerves in a nasal cavity starts with identifying a patient having a condition occurring outside the nasal cavity. The method then involves activating a console attached to a radiofrequency stylus, advancing a distal tip of the radiofrequency stylus into a nostril of the patient, contacting nasal mucosa lining the nasal cavity with a treatment surface of the distal tip, and delivering radiofrequency energy from one set of bipolar electrodes on the treatment surface of the distal tip to a second set of bipolar electrodes on the treatment surface, to treat at least one nerve underlying the nasal mucosa. Treating the nerve (or nerves) involves modulating activity of the nerve to ameliorate the condition occurring outside the nasal cavity.

Systems and techniques are disclosed to establish programming of an implantable electrical neurostimulation device for treating pain of a human subject, through the use and adjustment of analgesic stimulation parameters based on trust dynamics and trust measurements. In an example, the system to establish programming of the neurostimulation device performs operations that: determine a trust measurement value that is derived from results of at least one commitment made with a human subject, via observable interactions; determine a modification of at least one neurostimulation programming parameter, based on the trust measurement value; and to cause the implantable neurostimulation device to implement the modification of the at least one neurostimulation programming parameter. Further examples are provided to produce and track the trust measurement value, as well as identify a pain susceptibility value and determine a receptiveness to analgesic effects based on these and other trust dynamics.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods relating to neuromodulation. In particular, the present disclosure provides systems and methods for evaluating the efficacy of neuromodulation therapy using evoked potential (EPs). The systems and methods disclosed herein facilitate the evaluation of both parameter-dependent and system-dependent changes in EPs as indicators of therapeutic efficacy.