Infant formulas that include at least one human milk oligosaccharide selected from 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA), where the AA and DHA are present in an n-6/n-3 ratio of between 1 and 1.8, at least 30 mg/L of nucleotides, where the nucleotides include inosine monophosphate, and at least 30 μg/L of lutein are disclosed. Also provided are methods of use of the infant formulas for improving at least one of cognition, learning, and memory in an infant. The methods include administering the infant formulas to an infant.

A pharmaceutical composition containing, as active ingredients, a fusion protein including an IL-2 protein and a CD80 protein, and an anticancer agent is disclosed. A fusion protein including a CD80 fragment, an immunoglobulin Fc, and an IL-2 variant, can activate immune cells such as natural killer cells, and at the same time, can control the immune cell regulatory activity of regulatory T cells. In addition, when an anticancer agent is administered in combination with the fusion protein, cancer can be effectively inhibited. Therefore, a pharmaceutical composition containing, as active ingredients, a fusion protein of an IL-2 protein and a CD80 protein, and an anticancer agent can increase the immune activity in the body and can be effectively utilized not only for cancer but also for an infectious disease, and thus has high industrial potential.

A pharmaceutical composition containing, as active ingredients, a fusion protein including an IL-2 protein and a CD80 protein, and an anticancer agent is disclosed. A fusion protein including a CD80 fragment, an immunoglobulin Fc, and an IL-2 variant, can activate immune cells such as natural killer cells, and at the same time, can control the immune cell regulatory activity of regulatory T cells. In addition, when an anticancer agent is administered in combination with the fusion protein, cancer can be effectively inhibited. Therefore, a pharmaceutical composition containing, as active ingredients, a fusion protein of an IL-2 protein and a CD80 protein, and an anticancer agent can increase the immune activity in the body and can be effectively utilized not only for cancer but also for an infectious disease, and thus has high industrial potential.

A pharmaceutical composition containing, as active ingredients, a fusion protein including an IL-2 protein and a CD80 protein, and an anticancer agent is disclosed. A fusion protein including a CD80 fragment, an immunoglobulin Fc, and an IL-2 variant, can activate immune cells such as natural killer cells, and at the same time, can control the immune cell regulatory activity of regulatory T cells. In addition, when an anticancer agent is administered in combination with the fusion protein, cancer can be effectively inhibited. Therefore, a pharmaceutical composition containing, as active ingredients, a fusion protein of an IL-2 protein and a CD80 protein, and an anticancer agent can increase the immune activity in the body and can be effectively utilized not only for cancer but also for an infectious disease, and thus has high industrial potential.

Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a SARS-CoV-2 E protein channel blocker and ORF3 inhibitors for treating or preventing SARS-CoV-2 virulence in a subject, are provided. Further provides is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a SARS-CoV-2 E protein channel blocker or an ORF3 inhibitor for preventing SARS-CoV-2 cell entry, uncoating and/or release from a cell.

Deoxynucleotide prodrugs for treatment of diseases characterized by unbalanced nucleotide pools are provided herein.

Provided herein are bridged cyclic phosphates and phosphoramidates (bc-ProTides) of nucleosides, which is a compound, its stereoisomers, isotope-enriched analogs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates, or crystalline or polymorphic forms thereof, with the following structure: ##STR00001##
These compounds can be used for the treatment of viral infections and/or neoplastic diseases in mammals. By optimizing combinations of Y.sub.2, Y.sub.3, R.sup.0, and M, the cleavability of these compounds as prodrugs can be attuned for different tissue targeting with various functional combinations. Also disclosed are processes and methods for preparation of these compounds.

Provided herein are bridged cyclic phosphates and phosphoramidates (bc-ProTides) of nucleosides, which is a compound, its stereoisomers, isotope-enriched analogs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates, or crystalline or polymorphic forms thereof, with the following structure: ##STR00001##
These compounds can be used for the treatment of viral infections and/or neoplastic diseases in mammals. By optimizing combinations of Y.sub.2, Y.sub.3, R.sup.0, and M, the cleavability of these compounds as prodrugs can be attuned for different tissue targeting with various functional combinations. Also disclosed are processes and methods for preparation of these compounds.

This invention relates to the use of nucleoside, nucleotide and other compounds which are inhibitors or terminators of viral RNA dependent RNA polymerases or inhibitors of exonucleases as antiviral agents. These antiviral agents can be used alone or in combination with other polymerase or exonuclease inhibitors, helicase inhibitors, HCV NS5A inhibitors, HIV integrase inhibitors and HCV NS3-4A and other protease inhibitors to treat viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 infection.

This invention relates to the use of nucleoside, nucleotide and other compounds which are inhibitors or terminators of viral RNA dependent RNA polymerases or inhibitors of exonucleases as antiviral agents. These antiviral agents can be used alone or in combination with other polymerase or exonuclease inhibitors, helicase inhibitors, HCV NS5A inhibitors, HIV integrase inhibitors and HCV NS3-4A and other protease inhibitors to treat viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 infection.