A method comprises generating, by an implantable stimulator, stimulation sessions at a duty cycle that is less than 0.05 and applying, by the implantable stimulator, the stimulation sessions to a patient. The duty cycle is a ratio of T3 to T4. Each stimulation session included in the stimulation sessions has a duration of T3 minutes and occurs at a rate of once every T4 minutes. The implantable stimulator is powered by a primary battery having an internal impedance greater than 5 ohms.

Devices, methods and systems for transmitting signals through a device located in a blood vessel of an animal for stimulating and/or sensing activity of media proximal to the devices. The media can include tissue and/or fluid. A method of controlling an apparatus in communication with a brain machine interface. The method can include measuring a first neural activity in a first neural area and measuring a second neural activity in a second neural area. The first neural activity can be associated with a first intent. The method can include creating and delivering, via the processor, one or more first control signals to the apparatus upon comparing the second neural activity with the first neural activity, and confirming, based on this comparison, that the second neural activity is associated with the first intent.

Devices, methods and systems for transmitting signals through a device located in a blood vessel of an animal for stimulating and/or sensing activity of media proximal to the devices. The media can include tissue and/or fluid. A method of controlling an apparatus in communication with a brain machine interface. The method can include measuring a first neural activity in a first neural area and measuring a second neural activity in a second neural area. The first neural activity can be associated with a first intent. The method can include creating and delivering, via the processor, one or more first control signals to the apparatus upon comparing the second neural activity with the first neural activity, and confirming, based on this comparison, that the second neural activity is associated with the first intent.

A mismatch in curvature of an electrode lead section may create unexpected and/or unpredictable electrical resistance with underlying tissue. In addition, repeated movement of the relevant areas of the body may even worsen the mismatch. Implants for electrical stimulation require low electrical resistance conductors for stimulation electrodes, return electrodes and interconnections which conventionally use metal for wires and contacts. These conductors reduce the flexibility, and the problem becomes worse as the number of electrodes increases.

An implantable stimulation device is provided with an elongated substrate, one or more interconnections, a flexible electrode with two portions, separated by one or more bending interruptions, wherein the first portion and second portion are in direct electrical connection through the one or more interconnections.

The electrode portions on opposite sides of the bending points are electrically connected allowing the mechanical bending and the electrical connections to be optimized separately.

Techniques for therapy delivery are described. A processing circuit may adjust a first therapy parameter from a first level to a second level, and responsive to the adjustment of the first therapy parameter, compare a level of an evoked compound action potential (ECAP) generated from therapy delivery based on the adjusted first therapy parameter to an ECAP threshold. The processing circuit may adjust a second therapy parameter from a third level to a fourth level based on the comparison. The second therapy parameter is different than the first therapy parameter. The processing circuit may cause therapy delivery with the first therapy parameter at the second level and the second therapy parameter at the fourth level.

Devices, methods and systems for transmitting signals through a device located in a blood vessel of an animal for stimulating and/or sensing activity of media proximal to the devices. The media can include tissue and/or fluid. A method of controlling an apparatus in communication with a brain machine interface. The method can include measuring a first neural activity in a first neural area and measuring a second neural activity in a second neural area. The first neural activity can be associated with a first intent. The method can include creating and delivering, via the processor, one or more first control signals to the apparatus upon comparing the second neural activity with the first neural activity, and confirming, based on this comparison, that the second neural activity is associated with the first intent.

A method is provided for optimization of a stimulation specificity and an energy consumption of implanted electrodes in excitable tissue of a patient. The method may involve electrically stimulating excitable tissue between one or more combinations of electrode pairs in a cluster of electrodes, or electrically stimulating excitable tissue between one or more combinations of electrode pairs in two or more clusters of electrodes. The two electrodes of the electrode pairs may not belong to a same cluster. Each of the electrodes may be located on a physically separated entity, such that the tissue surrounds and separates each electrode from all other electrodes, thereby allowing tissue between the electrodes to be stimulated. An electrode pair or pairs which give rise to a lowest energy consumption while still giving a therapeutic effect may be chosen. Alternatively, each electrode pair may be assigned a value related to the information provided by the patient and the energy consumption, and the electrode pair or pairs which give(s) rise to a most favorable assigned value may be chosen.

A system and method for optimizing parameters of a DBS pulse signal for treatment of a patient is provided. In predicting optimal DBS parameters, functional brain data is input into a predictor system, the functional brain data acquired responsive to a sweeping across a multi-dimensional parameter space of one or more DBS parameters. Statistical metrics of brain response are extracted from the functional brain data for one or more ROIs or voxels of the brain via the predictor system, and a DBS functional atlas is accessed, via the predictor system, that comprises disease-specific brain response maps derived from DBS treatment at optimal DBS parameter settings for a plurality of diseases or neurological conditions. One or more optimal DBS parameters are predicted for the patient based on the statistical metrics of brain response and the DBS functional atlas via the predictor system.

A method of treatment performed on a subject's brain includes a step of applying one or more neuromodulation signals to the lateral habenula and the posterior commissure.

A method for optimization of the stimulation pattern of a set of implanted electrodes in excitable tissue of a patient is disclosed, wherein it comprises the steps of: (a) choosing a first group of a certain number of from said set of implanted electrodes, (b) stimulating the excitable tissue electrically by said first group of electrodes, (c) registering information provided by the patient, (d) assigning each electrode of said first group of electrodes a value related to said information, wherein these steps are repeated for one or more further groups of said certain number of electrodes chosen from said set of implanted electrodes, wherein each electrode may be included in one or several groups, wherein the total assigned value for each electrode is calculated, and wherein electrodes having a total assigned value exceeding a predetermined value or a predetermined number of the electrodes having the highest total assigned value are chosen to be included in said stimulation pattern, as well as a method for treatment or alleviation of a disease or condition by use of a set of electrodes whose stimulation pattern has been optimized with said method, and a system for optimization of the stimulation pattern.