A neuromodulation system including at least one input module for inputting a planned neuromodulation event or a series of neuromodulation events and at least one analyzing module for analyzing a neuromodulation event or a series of neuromodulation events. The analyzing module and the input module may be connected such that the input module is configured to forward the planned neuromodulation event or a series of neuromodulation events to the analyzing module and the analyzing module is configured to analyze the planned neuromodulation event or a series of neuromodulation events regarding one or more possible neuromodulation conflict(s).

An apparatus, system and technique selectively eliminates the noxious signal components in a neuronal signal by creating an interfering electrical signal that is tuned to a given frequency corresponding to the oscillatory pattern of the noxious signal, resulting in a modified neuronal signal that substantially reproduces a normal, no-pain neuronal signal. The disclosed system and technique of pain relief is based on the hypothesis that the temporal profile of pain signals encodes particular components that oscillate at unique and quantifiable frequencies, which are responsible for pain processing in the brain.

Systems and methods for stimulation of neurological tissue generate stimulation trains with temporal patterns of stimulation, in which the interval between electrical pulses (the inter-pulse intervals) changes or varies over time. Compared to conventional continuous, high rate pulse trains having regular (i.e., constant) inter-pulse intervals, the non-regular (i.e., not constant) pulse patterns or trains that embody features of the invention provide a lower average frequency.

This disclosure relates to a device for applying a neural stimulus. A battery supplies electrical energy at a battery voltage and an electrode applies the electrical energy to neural tissue. A circuit measures the nervous response of the tissue and a voltage converter receives the electrical energy from the battery and controls a voltage applied to the electrode based on the measured nervous response of the tissue. This direct voltage control is energy efficient because losses across a typical current mirror are avoided. Further, the control based on the measured nervous response leads to automatic compensation of impedance variation due to in-growth or change in posture. As a result, the stimulation results in a desired neural response.

A method of forming an activated coating composition is disclosed. The method includes providing (a) boron nitride, (b) carbon, (c) aluminum oxide and (d) a liquid carrier. Each of the boron nitride, carbon and aluminum oxide are in particulate form. The coating composition is activated to form an activated coating composition. The activated coating composition includes active components having from about 60.0 wt% to about 90.0 wt% boron nitride, from about 16 wt% to about 24 wt% carbon and from about 4 wt% to about 6 wt% aluminum oxide. A coating method, coated substrate and activated coating composition are also disclosed.

Apparatus and methods for managing pain uses separate varying electromagnetic fields, with a variety of temporal and amplitude characteristics, which are applied to a particular neural structure to modulate glial and neuronal interactions as a mechanism for relieving chronic pain. In another embodiment, a single composite modulation/stimulation signal which has rhythmically varying characteristics is used to achieve the same results as separate varying electromagnetic fields. Also, disclosed is an apparatus and method for modulating the expression of genes involved in diverse pathways including inflammatory/immune system mediators, ion channels and neurotransmitters, in both the Spinal Cord (SC) and Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) where such expression modulation is caused by spinal cord stimulation or peripheral nerve stimulation using the disclosed apparatus and techniques. In one embodiment of multimodal modulation therapy, the prime signal may be monophasic, or biphasic, in which the polarity of the first phase of the biphasic prime signal may be either cathodic or anodic while the tonic signal may be either monophasic, or biphasic, with the polarity of the first phase of the biphasic tonic signal being either cathodic or anodic.

Improved stimulation circuitry for controlling the stimulation delivered by an implantable stimulator is disclosed. The stimulation circuitry includes memory circuitry that stores pulse programs that define pulse shapes, steering programs that define electrode configurations, and aggregate programs that link a selected pulse program with a selected steering program. The aggregate programs also include an amplitude modulation factor that modulates the amplitude defined by the pulse program. The inclusion of an amplitude modulation factor in the aggregate program allows complex amplitude-modulated waveforms to be produced. Pulse definition circuits in the stimulation circuitry execute aggregate programs to generate stimulation waveforms, which stimulation waveforms can be generated simultaneously by the different pulse definition circuits.

Systems and methods for digital signal processing using a sliding windowed infinite Fourier transform (“SWIFT”) algorithm are described. A discrete-time Fourier transform (“DTFT”) of an input signal is computed over an infinite-length temporal window that is slid from one sample in the input signal to the next. The DTFT with the temporal window at a given sample point is effectively calculated by phase shifting and decaying the DTFT calculated when the temporal window was positioned at the previous sample point and adding the current sample to the result.

The present invention relates to a neuromodulation apparatus and methods of using the neuromodulation apparatus for treating bladder dysfunction.

In some embodiments, a method of providing a neurostimulation therapy to a patient, comprises: generating a noise pulse pattern defining a pulse train of pulses to be generated according to a noise profile in an external device; communicated the generated noise pulse pattern to an implantable pulse generator (IPG) of a patient; generating, by the IPG, a series of pulses in sequence for noise stimulation of the patient using the noise pulse pattern from the external device, wherein the IPG applies one or more randomization operations to the pulse pattern from the external device without expanding memory storage for the pulse pattern while maintaining the noise profile of the pulse pattern from the external device; and applying the series of pulses in sequence to neural tissue of the patient using one or more electrodes of one or more stimulation leads.